Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to control a variety of components including an ESP32 microcontroller, OLED display, stepper motor with ULN2003A driver, IO expander, RGB LED, micro switches, joystick, single LEDs, a buzzer, toggle switches, and a WS2812 RGB LED matrix. The ESP32 is the central processing unit that interfaces with an OLED display for user feedback, controls a stepper motor for mechanical movements, reads inputs from a joystick and micro switches, drives LEDs for visual indicators, and sounds a buzzer for audio alerts. The circuit is powered by a 9V battery and uses I2C communication for the OLED display and IO expander.

Component List

• ESP32 (30 pin): A microcontroller with WiFi and Bluetooth capabilities, featuring a variety of digital and analog pins for interfacing with other components.
• 128x64 OLED Display (I2C IIC SPI Serial): A small display for showing system status and messages to the user.
• ULN2003A breakout board: A driver board used to control a stepper motor.
• PCF8575 IO Expander Module I2C 16 PIN: An I2C interface chip that expands the number of available IO pins.
• LED RGB: A multicolor LED that can display various colors based on input signals.
• Micro Switch: A switch that changes state when actuated.
• PS2 Joystick: An analog input device that provides two-dimensional control.
• LED: Two Pin (red): A simple red LED for indication purposes.
• WS2812 RGB LED matrix 1x8: A chainable LED strip with individually addressable RGB LEDs.
• LED: Two Pin (green): A simple green LED for indication purposes.
• Buzzer: An audio signaling device.
• Toggle Switch spst: A single-pole single-throw switch for manual control.
• Resistor: A component that provides electrical resistance; used here to limit current to LEDs.
• 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor: A small stepper motor for precise control of mechanical movement.
• 9V Battery: The power source for the circuit.

Wiring Details

ESP32 (30 pin)

• VP connected to PS2 Joystick S - X
• D34 connected to PS2 Joystick S - Y
• D32 connected to LED RGB G
• D33 connected to LED RGB R
• D25, D26, D27, D14 connected to corresponding inputs on ULN2003A breakout board
• D12 connected to LED RGB B
• D13 connected to Toggle Switch spst COM
• GND connected to various GND pins on other components
• 3V3 connected to VCC pins on OLED Display, WS2812 RGB LED matrix, PS2 Joystick, and PCF8575 IO Expander
• D22, D21 connected to SCL and SDA pins on OLED Display and PCF8575 IO Expander
• D18, D5 connected to COM pins on Toggle Switch spst
• RX2 connected to PCF8575 IO Expander INT
• D4 connected to buzzer PIN
• D15 connected to PS2 Joystick S - K

ULN2003A breakout board

• 0V and +5V connected to 9V Battery - and + respectively
• BLUE wire, PINK wire, YELLOW wire, ORANGE wire, RED wire connected to corresponding wires on 28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor

PCF8575 IO Expander Module I2C 16 PIN

• GND, VCC connected to common GND and 3V3 lines
• SDA, SCL connected to ESP32 D21 and D22
• INT connected to ESP32 RX2
• P00, P01 connected to anodes of green and red LEDs respectively
• P04, P05, P06, P07 connected to COM pins on Micro Switches and Toggle Switch spst

LED RGB

• R, G, B connected to ESP32 D33, D32, D12
• - connected to common GND line

Micro Switches

• COM connected to PCF8575 IO Expander P04, P05

PS2 Joystick

• S - Y, S - X, S - K connected to ESP32 D34, VP, D15
• VCC, GND connected to common 3V3 and GND lines

Single LEDs (red and green)

• anode connected to PCF8575 IO Expander P00, P01
• cathode connected to common GND line through 200 Ohm resistors

WS2812 RGB LED matrix 1x8

• VCC, GND connected to common 3V3 and GND lines
• DIN not connected in the provided net list

Buzzer

• PIN connected to ESP32 D4
• GND connected to common GND line

Toggle Switches spst

• COM connected to ESP32 D13, D18, D5 and PCF8575 IO Expander P06, P07

Resistor

• pin1 connected to LED cathodes
• pin2 connected to common GND line

28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor

• BLUE, PINK, YELLOW, ORANGE, RED connected to corresponding wires on ULN2003A breakout board

9V Battery

• -, + connected to ULN2003A breakout board 0V, +5V

Documented Code

ESP32 Microcontroller Code

// Libraries
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <U8g2lib.h>
#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <EEPROM.h>
#include <FastLED.h>

// ... (Code omitted for brevity)

void setup() {
  init();
  // FastLED setup for WS2812 RGB LED matrix
  FastLED.addLeds<WS2812, DATA_PIN_VOOR, GRB>(ledsVoor, NUM_LEDSVoor);
}

void loop() {
  // Main loop code
}

// Initialization function
void init() {
  // Serial and I2C initialization
  // Pin mode configuration
  // Interrupt setup
  // PCF8574 initialization
  // Motor pin setup
}

// ... (Additional functions omitted for brevity)

// EEPROM initialization and handling
void eeprominit() {
  // EEPROM read and write operations
}

// ... (Additional functions omitted for brevity)

The provided code for the ESP32 microcontroller includes initialization of various peripherals such as the OLED display, stepper motor, and FastLED library for the WS2812 RGB LED matrix. It also includes functions for handling interrupts, motor control, display updates, LED control, buzzer alarms, and EEPROM read/write operations. The code is structured with setup and loop functions, as well as numerous helper functions for specific tasks.

(Note: The code above is a summarized version of the provided code. It includes comments and structure to give an overview of the functionality. The full code includes detailed logic for motor control, display handling, LED operations, and more.)

Additional Microcontroller Code

The additional microcontroller code provided is minimal and does not include any functional code. It consists of empty setup and loop functions, which are placeholders for potential future code.

void setup() {
  // Setup code
}

void loop() {
  // Main loop code
}

The documentation above provides an overview of the circuit, detailed component descriptions, wiring information, and a summary of the embedded code. This should serve as a comprehensive guide for understanding and working with the circuit.