Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to monitor environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, and soil moisture. It uses a Raspberry Pi Pico W microcontroller to collect data from various sensors and transmit it via a LoRa module. The system is powered by a Li-ion battery, which is charged using a solar panel and a solar panel regulator.

Component List

DHT11 Humidity and Temperature Sensor

• Description: Measures humidity and temperature.
• Pins: VDD, DATA, NULL, GND

Raspberry Pi Pico W

• Description: Microcontroller used to process sensor data and control the system.
• Pins: VBUS, VSYS, GP16, GP17, GND, GP18, GP19, GP20, GP21, GP22, RUN, GP26, GP27, GP28, ADC_VREF, 3V3 OUT, 3V3_EN, GP0, GP1, GP2, GP3, GP4, GP5, GP6, GP7, GP15, GP14, GP13, GP12, GP11, GP10, GP9, GP8

SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor

• Description: Measures soil moisture levels.
• Pins: VCC, GND, SIG

Solar Panel

• Description: Provides power to the system.
• Pins: +, -

Solar Panel Regulator 5A MPPT Controller Battery Charging 9V/12V/24V/Auto Switch

• Description: Regulates the power from the solar panel and charges the battery.
• Pins: +Vin, Ground, battery (-), battery(+)

Li-ion Battery 18650-2000mAh 3.7V 7.4WH

• Description: Stores power for the system.
• Pins: +, -

LoRa Ra-02 SX1278

• Description: Transmits data wirelessly using LoRa technology.
• Pins: GND, NSS, MOSI, MISO, SCK, D105, DI04, 3.3V, RST, DI00, DI01, D102, DI03

NPK Soil Sensor

• Description: Measures soil nutrient levels.
• Pins: VCC, GND, A, B

Wiring Details

DHT11 Humidity and Temperature Sensor

• VDD: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W 3V3 OUT
• DATA: Not connected
• NULL: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W GP22
• GND: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W GND

Raspberry Pi Pico W

• VBUS: Connected to Li-ion Battery +
• VSYS: Not connected
• GP16: Connected to LoRa Ra-02 SX1278 MISO
• GP17: Connected to LoRa Ra-02 SX1278 NSS
• GND: Connected to SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor GND, DHT11 GND, NPK Soil Sensor GND, LoRa Ra-02 SX1278 GND, Li-ion Battery -, Solar Panel Regulator battery (-)
• GP18: Connected to LoRa Ra-02 SX1278 SCK
• GP19: Connected to LoRa Ra-02 SX1278 MOSI
• GP20: Connected to LoRa Ra-02 SX1278 RST
• GP21: Connected to LoRa Ra-02 SX1278 DI00
• GP22: Connected to DHT11 NULL
• RUN: Not connected
• GP26: Connected to NPK Soil Sensor A
• GP27: Connected to NPK Soil Sensor B
• GP28: Connected to SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor SIG
• ADC_VREF: Not connected
• 3V3 OUT: Connected to SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor VCC, NPK Soil Sensor VCC, DHT11 VDD, LoRa Ra-02 SX1278 3.3V
• 3V3_EN: Not connected
• GP0 - GP15: Not connected

SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor

• VCC: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W 3V3 OUT
• GND: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W GND
• SIG: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W GP28

Solar Panel

• +: Connected to Solar Panel Regulator +Vin
• -: Connected to Solar Panel Regulator Ground

Solar Panel Regulator 5A MPPT Controller Battery Charging 9V/12V/24V/Auto Switch

• +Vin: Connected to Solar Panel +
• Ground: Connected to Solar Panel -
• battery (-): Connected to Li-ion Battery -
• battery (+): Connected to Li-ion Battery +, Raspberry Pi Pico W VBUS

Li-ion Battery 18650-2000mAh 3.7V 7.4WH

• +: Connected to Solar Panel Regulator battery (+), Raspberry Pi Pico W VBUS
• -: Connected to Solar Panel Regulator battery (-), Raspberry Pi Pico W GND

LoRa Ra-02 SX1278

• GND: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W GND
• NSS: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W GP17
• MOSI: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W GP19
• MISO: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W GP16
• SCK: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W GP18
• D105: Not connected
• DI04: Not connected
• 3.3V: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W 3V3 OUT
• RST: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W GP20
• DI00: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W GP21
• DI01: Not connected
• D102: Not connected
• DI03: Not connected

NPK Soil Sensor

• VCC: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W 3V3 OUT
• GND: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W GND
• A: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W GP26
• B: Connected to Raspberry Pi Pico W GP27

Documented Code

sketch.ino

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

documentation.txt