Circuit Documentation

Summary

This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit that includes various components such as a motor driver, gear motors with encoders, a reflectance sensor array, a rocker switch, a lithium battery charging board, a step-up boost power converter, a buck converter, a 2S lithium battery protection board, and an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller. The circuit is designed to control motors and read sensor data, powered by a lithium battery setup.

Component List

18650 Li-ion Battery

• Description: Rechargeable lithium-ion battery.
• Pins: -, +

Gear Motor with Integrated Encoder

• Description: Motor with an integrated encoder for precise control.
• Pins: MOTOR -, MOTOR+, Encoder -, Encoder +, Encoder A, Encoder B

QTRX-HD-07RC Reflectance Sensor Array

• Description: Sensor array for detecting reflectance.
• Pins: GND, VCC, EVN, ODD, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7

Rocker Switch

• Description: On/Off switch.
• Pins: output, input

Lithium Battery Charging Board Type-C

• Description: Charging board for lithium batteries with Type-C input.
• Pins: GND, BAT, VIN

Step Up Boost Power Converter, Adjustable Voltage Regulator

• Description: Boost converter for stepping up voltage.
• Pins: VOUT+, VOUT-, VIN+, VIN-

Buck Converter, Adjustable Regulator

• Description: Buck converter for stepping down voltage.
• Pins: OUT-, OUT+, IN-, IN+

2S Lithium Battery Protection Board Module

• Description: Protection board for 2S lithium battery packs.
• Pins: B+, B-, BM, P+, P-

Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG

• Description: Motor driver for controlling two motors.
• Pins: GND, B01, B02, A02, A01, VCC, VM, PWMA, AIN2, AIN1, STBY, BIN1, BIN2, PWMB

Arduino Mega 2560

• Description: Microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560.
• Pins: IOREF, RESET, 3V3, 5V, GND, VIN, A0-A15, D0-D53, AREF, SDA, SCL

Wiring Details

18650 Li-ion Battery

• - connected to 2S lithium battery protection board module B-
• + connected to 2S lithium battery protection board module BM

Gear Motor with Integrated Encoder (Instance 1)

• MOTOR - connected to Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG B01
• MOTOR+ connected to Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG B02

Gear Motor with Integrated Encoder (Instance 2)

• MOTOR - connected to Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG A02
• MOTOR+ connected to Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG A01

QTRX-HD-07RC Reflectance Sensor Array

• GND connected to Arduino Mega 2560 GND
• VCC connected to Arduino Mega 2560 5V
• 1 connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D36
• 2 connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D37
• 3 connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D38
• 4 connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D39
• 5 connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D40
• 6 connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D41
• 7 connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D42

Rocker Switch

• input connected to Step Up Boost Power Converter, Adjustable Voltage Regulator VIN+
• output connected to Lithium Battery Charging Board Type-C BAT

Lithium Battery Charging Board Type-C

• GND connected to Step Up Boost Power Converter, Adjustable Voltage Regulator VIN-
• BAT connected to rocker switch output

Step Up Boost Power Converter, Adjustable Voltage Regulator

• VOUT+ connected to Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG VM
• VOUT- connected to Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG GND

Buck Converter, Adjustable Regulator

• IN+ connected to Step Up Boost Power Converter, Adjustable Voltage Regulator VOUT+
• IN- connected to Step Up Boost Power Converter, Adjustable Voltage Regulator VOUT-
• OUT+ connected to Arduino Mega 2560 VIN
• OUT- connected to Arduino Mega 2560 GND

2S Lithium Battery Protection Board Module

• B+ connected to 18650 Li-ion Battery +
• B- connected to 18650 Li-ion Battery -
• BM connected to 18650 Li-ion Battery +
• P+ connected to Lithium Battery Charging Board Type-C BAT
• P- connected to Lithium Battery Charging Board Type-C GND

Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG

• PWMB connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D5 PWM
• B01 connected to Gear Motor with Integrated Encoder MOTOR - (Instance 1)
• B02 connected to Gear Motor with Integrated Encoder MOTOR+ (Instance 1)
• BIN2 connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D25
• BIN1 connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D24
• A02 connected to Gear Motor with Integrated Encoder MOTOR - (Instance 2)
• A01 connected to Gear Motor with Integrated Encoder MOTOR+ (Instance 2)
• AIN1 connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D22
• AIN2 connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D23
• PWMA connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D4 PWM
• STBY connected to Arduino Mega 2560 5V
• VCC connected to Arduino Mega 2560 5V
• GND connected to Step Up Boost Power Converter, Adjustable Voltage Regulator VOUT-
• VM connected to Step Up Boost Power Converter, Adjustable Voltage Regulator VOUT+

Arduino Mega 2560

• D5 PWM connected to Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG PWMB
• D25 connected to Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG BIN2
• D24 connected to Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG BIN1
• D22 connected to Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG AIN1
• D23 connected to Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG AIN2
• D4 PWM connected to Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG PWMA
• 5V connected to Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG STBY
• 5V connected to QTRX-HD-07RC Reflectance Sensor Array VCC
• 5V connected to Motor Driver 1A Dual TB6612FNG VCC
• GND connected to QTRX-HD-07RC Reflectance Sensor Array GND
• GND connected to Buck Converter, Adjustable Regulator OUT-
• VIN connected to Buck Converter, Adjustable Regulator OUT+

Documented Code

Arduino Mega 2560 Code

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

This concludes the documentation for the circuit. Each component and its connections have been detailed, along with the code for the Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller.