Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit integrates various components controlled by an Arduino UNO microcontroller to perform a range of functions. The circuit includes servos for actuation, an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor for distance measurement, humidity sensors (YL-69) for moisture detection, IR sensors for object detection, a BLDC motor with an Electronic Speed Controller (ESC) for rotational motion, and DC-DC Step Down Buck Converters for voltage regulation. The circuit is powered by multiple 7V battery sets.

Component List

Microcontroller

• Arduino UNO: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has digital input/output pins, analog inputs, a USB connection for programming, and power management features.

Actuators

• Servos: These are rotary actuators that can be precisely controlled for position. They are typically used for steering mechanisms or small robotic arms.

Sensors

• HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor: This sensor measures distance by emitting ultrasonic waves and measuring the time it takes for the echo to return.
• Humidity YL-69: These are soil moisture sensors that can detect the water content in the soil.
• IR Sensors: Infrared sensors used for detecting proximity or the presence of objects.

Power Components

• BLDC Motor: A Brushless DC motor that provides high power and efficiency for applications requiring rotational motion.
• Electronic Speed Controller (ESC): A device that regulates the speed and direction of the BLDC motor.
• Mini-360 DC-DC Step Down Buck Converter: These converters step down voltage from a higher level to a lower level, providing regulated output voltage.
• Set battery (7V): These are battery packs providing a 7V power source to the circuit.

Other Components

• AS7263: A spectral sensor that provides color measurements.

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• Digital Pin D4 connected to Servo pulses.
• Digital Pin D9 connected to HC-SR04 TRIG.
• Digital Pin D10 connected to HC-SR04 ECHO.
• Analog Pin A0 connected to Humidity YL-69 A0 pins.
• Digital Pin D7 connected to a Servo pulse.
• Digital Pin D8 connected to a Servo pulse.
• Digital Pin D11 connected to ESC Signal.
• Digital Pin D5 connected to a Servo PWM.
• Digital Pin D6 connected to IR sensor outputs.
• 5V Pin providing power to various components.
• GND Pin connected to various components' ground.
• 3.3V Pin connected to AS7263 3.3V.
• Analog Pin A4 connected to AS7263 SDC.
• Analog Pin A5 connected to AS7263 SCL.
• Vin Pin connected to a 7V battery pack.
• GND Pin connected to a 7V battery pack negative terminal.

Servos

• Pulse/PWM pins connected to corresponding Arduino UNO digital pins.
• VCC pins connected to 5V power from a DC-DC Step Down Buck Converter or Arduino UNO.
• GND pins connected to ground.

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• TRIG and ECHO pins connected to corresponding Arduino UNO digital pins.
• VCC pin connected to 5V power from Arduino UNO.
• GND pin connected to ground.

Humidity YL-69

• A0 pins connected to Arduino UNO Analog Pin A0.
• VCC pins connected to 5V power from Arduino UNO.
• GND pins connected to ground.

IR Sensors

• OUT pins connected to Arduino UNO Digital Pin D6.
• VCC pins connected to 5V power from Arduino UNO.
• GND pins connected to ground.

BLDC Motor

• Wire A, B, C connected to corresponding ESC M1, M2, M3.

Electronic Speed Controller (ESC)

• Signal pin connected to Arduino UNO Digital Pin D11.
• Battery VCC and GND connected to a 7V battery pack.
• 5V out and GND out providing power to servos.

Mini-360 DC-DC Step Down Buck Converter

• Input + and - connected to corresponding 7V battery pack terminals.
• Output + and - providing 5V power to servos and ESC.

Set battery (7V)

• • and - terminals providing power to the circuit.

AS7263

• GND and 3.3V pins connected to corresponding Arduino UNO pins.
• SDC and SCL connected to Arduino UNO Analog Pins A4 and A5.

Documented Code

Arduino UNO Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Additional Notes

• The code provided for the Arduino UNO is a template with empty setup and loop functions. The actual functionality needs to be implemented based on the requirements of the circuit's application.
• The documentation file for the code is empty and can be used to provide detailed descriptions of the code's functionality, usage, and any other relevant information.