Arduino UNO Based Automated Plant Watering System with Soil Moisture Sensing and LCD Display
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Circuit Documentation
Summary
This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit designed to interface various sensors and actuators with an Arduino UNO microcontroller. The circuit includes a 16x2 I2C LCD for display, a buzzer for audio signaling, a relay module for controlling high-power devices, a SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor for detecting soil moisture levels, an HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor for distance measurement, a red LED for visual indication, a DHT11 sensor for measuring temperature and humidity, and a 5v battery to power the components.
Component List
Arduino UNO
- Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
- It has 14 digital input/output pins, 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.
16x2 I2C LCD
- A 16 character by 2 line display that communicates over the I2C protocol.
Buzzer
- An audio signaling device that can be used to generate tones or alerts.
Relay Module
- An electrically operated switch that allows you to control a high power circuit with a low power signal.
SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor
- A simple breakout for measuring the moisture in soil and similar materials.
HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
- An ultrasonic distance sensor that can measure distances from 2cm to 400cm.
LED: Two Pin (red)
- A basic red LED for visual signaling.
DHT11
- A basic, ultra low-cost digital temperature and humidity sensor.
5v Battery
- A power source for the circuit components.
Wiring Details
16x2 I2C LCD
- GND connected to the common ground.
- VCC connected to the positive side of the 5v battery.
- SDA connected to the SDA pin (A4) on the Arduino UNO.
- SCL connected to the SCL pin (A5) on the Arduino UNO.
Buzzer
- PIN connected to pin D2 on the Arduino UNO.
- GND connected to the common ground.
Relay Module
- VCC connected to the positive side of the 5v battery.
- GND connected to the common ground.
- INPUT connected to pin D7 on the Arduino UNO.
SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor
- VCC connected to the positive side of the 5v battery.
- GND connected to the common ground.
- SIG connected to pin A0 on the Arduino UNO.
HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
- VCC connected to the positive side of the 5v battery.
- TRIG connected to pin D13 on the Arduino UNO.
- ECHO connected to pin D12 on the Arduino UNO.
- GND connected to the common ground.
LED: Two Pin (red)
- Anode connected to pin D3 on the Arduino UNO.
- Cathode connected to the common ground.
DHT11
- VCC connected to the positive side of the 5v battery.
- DATA connected to pin D6 on the Arduino UNO.
- GND connected to the common ground.
5v Battery
- Positive connected to the VCC of all components requiring 5v.
- Negative connected to the common ground.
Documented Code
Arduino UNO Code (sketch.ino)
void setup() {
// put your setup code here, to run once:
}
void loop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
}
Note: The provided code is a template and does not include specific functionality. It should be populated with the setup and loop routines required to initialize and control the connected components.