Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to control two DC motors using an Arduino UNO and an L298N motor driver. It also includes two IR sensors and an ultrasonic distance sensor for obstacle detection. The circuit is powered by two 3.7V batteries connected in series through a rocker switch.

Component List

1. Arduino UNO

   • Description: Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P.
   • Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0

2. L298N DC Motor Driver

   • Description: Dual H-Bridge motor driver.
   • Pins: OUT1, OUT2, 12V, GND, 5V, OUT3, OUT4, 5V-ENA-JMP-I, 5V-ENA-JMP-O, +5V-J1, +5V-J2, ENA, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, ENB

3. Motor amarillo motorreductor hobby (2 units)

   • Description: Hobby DC motor with gearbox.
   • Pins: vcc, GND

4. 3.7V Battery (2 units)

   • Description: Rechargeable lithium-ion battery.
   • Pins: +, -

5. IR Sensor (2 units)

   • Description: Infrared sensor for obstacle detection.
   • Pins: out, gnd, vcc

6. HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor

   • Description: Ultrasonic sensor for distance measurement.
   • Pins: VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND

7. Rocker Switch

   • Description: On/Off switch.
   • Pins: output, input

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• 5V connected to:

  • VCC of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor
  • vcc of IR Sensor 1
  • vcc of IR Sensor 2

• GND connected to:

  • GND of 3.7V Battery 1
  • GND of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • GND of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor
  • gnd of IR Sensor 1
  • gnd of IR Sensor 2

• Vin connected to:

  • 5V of L298N DC Motor Driver

• D12 connected to:

  • TRIG of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor

• D11 connected to:

  • ECHO of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor

• D10 connected to:

  • ENA of L298N DC Motor Driver

• D9 connected to:

  • IN1 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• D8 connected to:

  • IN2 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• D7 connected to:

  • IN3 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• D6 connected to:

  • IN4 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• D5 connected to:

  • ENB of L298N DC Motor Driver

• D3 connected to:

  • out of IR Sensor 1

• D2 connected to:

  • out of IR Sensor 2

L298N DC Motor Driver

• OUT1 connected to:

  • GND of Motor 2

• OUT2 connected to:

  • vcc of Motor 2

• OUT3 connected to:

  • GND of Motor 1

• OUT4 connected to:

  • vcc of Motor 1

• 12V connected to:

  • output of Rocker Switch

Motor amarillo motorreductor hobby

• Motor 1

  • vcc connected to OUT4 of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • GND connected to OUT3 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• Motor 2

  • vcc connected to OUT2 of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • GND connected to OUT1 of L298N DC Motor Driver

3.7V Battery

• Battery 1

  • • connected to - of Battery 2
  • • connected to GND of Arduino UNO

• Battery 2

  • • connected to input of Rocker Switch

IR Sensor

• IR Sensor 1

  • vcc connected to 5V of Arduino UNO
  • gnd connected to GND of Arduino UNO
  • out connected to D3 of Arduino UNO

• IR Sensor 2

  • vcc connected to 5V of Arduino UNO
  • gnd connected to GND of Arduino UNO
  • out connected to D2 of Arduino UNO

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor

• VCC connected to 5V of Arduino UNO
• GND connected to GND of Arduino UNO
• TRIG connected to D12 of Arduino UNO
• ECHO connected to D11 of Arduino UNO

Rocker Switch

• input connected to + of Battery 2
• output connected to 12V of L298N DC Motor Driver

Documented Code

// Définition des broches
const int irSensor1Pin = A0; // Capteur infrarouge 1
const int irSensor2Pin = A1; // Capteur infrarouge 2
const int ultrasonicTrigPin = A3; // Broche Trigger du capteur ultrason
const int ultrasonicEchoPin = A2; // Broche Echo du capteur ultrason

// Broches pour le driver de moteur
const int motor1EnablePin = 5; // Broche pour activer le moteur 1
const int motor1DirectionPin = 8; // Broche pour la direction du moteur 1
const int motor2EnablePin = 10; // Broche pour activer le moteur 2
const int motor2DirectionPin = 7; // Broche pour la direction du moteur 2

void setup() {
    Serial.begin(9600); // Initialisation des broches
    pinMode(motor1EnablePin, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(motor1DirectionPin, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(motor2EnablePin, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(motor2DirectionPin, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(ultrasonicTrigPin, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(ultrasonicEchoPin, INPUT);
}

void loop() {
    // Lire les capteurs infrarouges
    int irValue1 = analogRead(irSensor1Pin);
    int irValue2 = analogRead(irSensor2Pin);

    // Afficher les valeurs des capteurs infrarouges
    Serial.print("IR Sensor 1: ");
    Serial.println(irValue1);
    Serial.print("IR Sensor 2: ");
    Serial.println(irValue2);

    // Mesurer la distance avec le capteur ultrason
    long duration, distance;
    digitalWrite(ultrasonicTrigPin, LOW);
    delayMicroseconds(2);
    digitalWrite(ultrasonicTrigPin, HIGH);
    delayMicroseconds(10);
    digitalWrite(ultrasonicTrigPin, LOW);
    duration = pulseIn(ultrasonicEchoPin, HIGH);
    distance = (duration * 0.034) / 2; // Calcul de la distance en cm

    // Afficher la distance mesurée
    Serial.print("Distance: ");
    Serial.print(distance);
    Serial.println(" cm");

    // Contrôler les moteurs en fonction de l'interrupteur
    digitalWrite(motor1EnablePin, HIGH); // Activer le moteur 1
    digitalWrite(motor1DirectionPin, HIGH); // Définir la direction du moteur 1
    digitalWrite(motor2EnablePin, HIGH); // Activer le moteur 2
    digitalWrite(motor2DirectionPin, HIGH); // Définir la direction du moteur 2

    digitalWrite(motor1EnablePin, LOW); // Désactiver le moteur 1
    digitalWrite(motor2EnablePin, LOW); // Désactiver le moteur 2

    delay(500); // Attendre un peu avant la prochaine lecture
}

This code initializes the pins for the IR sensors, ultrasonic sensor, and motor driver. It reads the values from the IR sensors and the ultrasonic sensor, prints them to the serial monitor, and controls the motors based on the readings.