Circuit Documentation

Summary

This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit designed to control DC motors using a line sensor and a Nano 3.0 ATmega328P microcontroller. The circuit includes a DC motor driver (L298N), a line sensor, a DC-DC buck converter (XL4015), and a 9V battery for power supply. The microcontroller reads data from the line sensor and controls the motors accordingly.

Component List

Line Sensor

• Description: A sensor used to detect lines or edges.
• Pins: 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, +5V, GND

L298N DC Motor Driver

• Description: A dual H-bridge motor driver that allows control of two DC motors.
• Pins: OUT1, OUT2, 12V, GND, 5V, OUT3, OUT4, 5V-ENA-JMP-I, 5V-ENA-JMP-O, +5V-J1, +5V-J2, ENA, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, ENB

DC Motor (Motor 1)

• Description: A standard DC motor.
• Pins: pin 1, pin 2

DC Motor (Motor 2)

• Description: A standard DC motor.
• Pins: pin 1, pin 2

9V Battery

• Description: A 9V battery used as the power source.
• Pins: -, +

Nano 3.0 ATmega328P Type-C USB CH340 Controller Board

• Description: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P.
• Pins: D13, 3V3, REF, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, 5V, RST, GND, VIN, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, RX0, TX1, D12

XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down

• Description: A DC-DC buck converter used to step down voltage.
• Pins: Output +, Output -, Input +, Input -

Wiring Details

Line Sensor

• Pin 7 connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin A5
• Pin 6 connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin A4
• Pin 5 connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin A3
• Pin 4 connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin A2
• Pin 3 connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin A1
• Pin 2 connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin A0
• Pin +5V connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin 5V
• Pin GND connected to XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down pin Output -

L298N DC Motor Driver

• Pin GND connected to XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down pin Output -
• Pin GND connected to 9V Battery pin -
• Pin GND connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin GND
• Pin 12V connected to XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down pin Output +
• Pin 12V connected to 9V Battery pin +
• Pin 12V connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin VIN
• Pin OUT1 connected to DC Motor (Motor 1) pin pin 2
• Pin OUT2 connected to DC Motor (Motor 1) pin pin 1
• Pin OUT3 connected to DC Motor (Motor 2) pin pin 2
• Pin OUT4 connected to DC Motor (Motor 2) pin pin 1
• Pin ENA connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin D6
• Pin IN1 connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin D11
• Pin IN2 connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin D10
• Pin IN3 connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin D9
• Pin IN4 connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin D8
• Pin ENB connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin D5

DC Motor (Motor 1)

• Pin 1 connected to L298N DC Motor Driver pin OUT2
• Pin 2 connected to L298N DC Motor Driver pin OUT1

DC Motor (Motor 2)

• Pin 1 connected to L298N DC Motor Driver pin OUT4
• Pin 2 connected to L298N DC Motor Driver pin OUT3

9V Battery

• Pin + connected to XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down pin Output +
• Pin - connected to XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down pin Output -

Nano 3.0 ATmega328P Type-C USB CH340 Controller Board

• Pin A5 connected to Line Sensor pin 7
• Pin A4 connected to Line Sensor pin 6
• Pin A3 connected to Line Sensor pin 5
• Pin A2 connected to Line Sensor pin 4
• Pin A1 connected to Line Sensor pin 3
• Pin A0 connected to Line Sensor pin 2
• Pin 5V connected to Line Sensor pin +5V
• Pin GND connected to XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down pin Output -
• Pin GND connected to 9V Battery pin -
• Pin GND connected to L298N DC Motor Driver pin GND
• Pin VIN connected to XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down pin Output +
• Pin VIN connected to 9V Battery pin +
• Pin D6 connected to L298N DC Motor Driver pin ENA
• Pin D11 connected to L298N DC Motor Driver pin IN1
• Pin D10 connected to L298N DC Motor Driver pin IN2
• Pin D9 connected to L298N DC Motor Driver pin IN3
• Pin D8 connected to L298N DC Motor Driver pin IN4
• Pin D5 connected to L298N DC Motor Driver pin ENB

XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down

• Pin Output + connected to 9V Battery pin +
• Pin Output + connected to L298N DC Motor Driver pin 12V
• Pin Output + connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin VIN
• Pin Output - connected to Line Sensor pin GND
• Pin Output - connected to 9V Battery pin -
• Pin Output - connected to L298N DC Motor Driver pin GND
• Pin Output - connected to Nano 3.0 ATmega328P pin GND

Code

No code provided for this circuit.