Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to monitor environmental conditions and user interactions using various sensors and indicators. It includes an Arduino UNO microcontroller, a Real-Time Clock (RTC), a Passive Infrared (PIR) sensor, a sound sensor, LEDs, a pushbutton, and a buzzer. The system can detect motion, sound, and button presses to trigger different actions such as starting a session, taking a break, or indicating status through LEDs and a buzzer.

Component List

1. Arduino UNO

   • Description: Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P.
   • Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0

2. RTC

   • Description: Real-Time Clock module for keeping track of time.
   • Pins: VCC, GND, CLK, DAT, RST

3. PIR sensor

   • Description: Passive Infrared sensor for motion detection.
   • Pins: VDD, SIG, GND

4. LED: Two Pin (red)

   • Description: Red LED for indicating break mode.
   • Pins: cathode, anode

5. LED: Two Pin (green)

   • Description: Green LED for indicating study mode.
   • Pins: cathode, anode

6. Pushbutton

   • Description: Pushbutton for user interaction.
   • Pins: Pin 2, Pin 1, Pin 3, Pin 4

7. Resistor

   • Description: 10k Ohm resistor.
   • Pins: pin1, pin2
   • Properties: Resistance: 10k Ohms

8. Buzzer

   • Description: Buzzer for audio feedback.
   • Pins: PIN, GND

9. KY-037 Microphone

   • Description: Sound sensor module.
   • Pins: Analog output, Ground, VCC, Digital output

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• 5V connected to:

  • Pushbutton Pin 2
  • PIR sensor VDD
  • RTC VCC
  • KY-037 Microphone VCC

• GND connected to:

  • KY-037 Microphone Ground
  • Resistor pin1
  • RTC GND
  • LED (red) cathode
  • LED (green) cathode
  • Buzzer GND
  • PIR sensor GND

• 3.3V connected to:

  • RTC RST

• A4 connected to:

  • RTC DAT

• A5 connected to:

  • RTC CLK

• D6 connected to:

  • PIR sensor SIG

• D7 connected to:

  • KY-037 Microphone Digital output

• D8 connected to:

  • Pushbutton Pin 1
  • Resistor pin2

• D9 connected to:

  • Buzzer PIN

• D10 connected to:

  • LED (green) anode

• D11 connected to:

  • LED (red) anode

RTC

• VCC connected to:

  • Arduino UNO 5V

• GND connected to:

  • Arduino UNO GND

• CLK connected to:

  • Arduino UNO A5

• DAT connected to:

  • Arduino UNO A4

• RST connected to:

  • Arduino UNO 3.3V

PIR sensor

• VDD connected to:

  • Arduino UNO 5V

• SIG connected to:

  • Arduino UNO D6

• GND connected to:

  • Arduino UNO GND

LED: Two Pin (red)

• cathode connected to:

  • Arduino UNO GND

• anode connected to:

  • Arduino UNO D11

LED: Two Pin (green)

• cathode connected to:

  • Arduino UNO GND

• anode connected to:

  • Arduino UNO D10

Pushbutton

• Pin 1 connected to:

  • Arduino UNO D8
  • Resistor pin2

• Pin 2 connected to:

  • Arduino UNO 5V

Resistor

• pin1 connected to:

  • Arduino UNO GND

• pin2 connected to:

  • Arduino UNO D8
  • Pushbutton Pin 1

Buzzer

• PIN connected to:

  • Arduino UNO D9

• GND connected to:

  • Arduino UNO GND

KY-037 Microphone

• VCC connected to:

  • Arduino UNO 5V

• Ground connected to:

  • Arduino UNO GND

• Digital output connected to:

  • Arduino UNO D7

Code Documentation

// Pin assignments
const int soundPin = 7;    // Pin connected to the sound sensor digital output (DO)
const int buzzerPin = 9;   // Pin connected to the buzzer
const int greenLED = 10;   // Pin connected to the green LED (study mode)
const int redLED = 11;     // Pin connected to the red LED (break mode)
const int buttonPin = 8;   // Pin connected to the push button
const int pirPin = 6;      // Pin connected to the PIR sensor

// Variable to hold the push button state
int buttonState = 0;
int pirState = 0; // Variable to hold PIR sensor state

void setup() {
  // Initialize serial communication
  Serial.begin(9600);

  // Set pins as input or output
  pinMode(soundPin, INPUT);   // Set sound sensor pin as input
  pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT); // Set buzzer pin as output
  pinMode(greenLED, OUTPUT);  // Set green LED pin as output
  pinMode(redLED, OUTPUT);    // Set red LED pin as output
  pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT);  // Set push button pin as input
  pinMode(pirPin, INPUT);     // Set PIR sensor pin as input

  // Initialize the LEDs to OFF
  digitalWrite(greenLED, LOW);
  digitalWrite(redLED, LOW);
}

void loop() {
  // Read the state of the push button
  buttonState = digitalRead(buttonPin);
  
  // Read the state of the PIR sensor
  pirState = digitalRead(pirPin);

  // Check if the button is pressed (start session)
  if (buttonState == HIGH) {
    Serial.println("Button Pressed! Starting Session...");
    startSession();
  }
  
  // Check if motion is detected by PIR sensor (if no movement, take a break)
  if (pirState == LOW) {
    Serial.println("No motion detected. Reminder to take a stretch break.");
    takeStretchBreak();
  }
  
  // Check for sound detection from the sound sensor
  int soundState = digitalRead(soundPin);  // Read the sound sensor input
  if (soundState == HIGH) {
    Serial.println("Sound Detected! Triggering action...");
    soundDetectedAction();
  }
  
  delay(200); // Small delay to prevent bouncing effects or rapid toggling
}

void startSession() {
  // Turn on the green LED (study mode) and turn off the red LED
  digitalWrite(greenLED, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(redLED, LOW);
  
  // Sound the buzzer to indicate session start
  tone(buzzerPin, 1000, 500);  // Play sound for 500ms
}

void takeStretchBreak() {
  // Turn off the green LED (study mode) and turn on the red LED (break mode)
  digitalWrite(greenLED, LOW);
  digitalWrite(redLED, HIGH);
  
  // Sound the buzzer to indicate it's time for a break
  tone(buzzerPin, 500, 500);  // Play break sound for 500ms
}

void soundDetectedAction() {
  // If sound is detected, take appropriate action (e.g., start session)
  // You can modify this to perform different actions based on the sound
  startSession();
}

This code initializes the pins for the sensors and actuators, reads their states, and performs actions based on the inputs. The main loop continuously checks the state of the push button, PIR sensor, and sound sensor to trigger the appropriate actions.