Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to control two DC motors using two L298N DC motor drivers and an Arduino UNO microcontroller. The motors are powered by two 12V batteries, and the Arduino UNO is programmed to control the direction of the motors.

Component List

1. L298N DC Motor Driver

   • Description: Dual H-Bridge motor driver
   • Pins: OUT1, OUT2, 12V, GND, 5V, OUT3, OUT4, 5V-ENA-JMP-I, 5V-ENA-JMP-O, +5V-J1, +5V-J2, ENA, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, ENB

2. Arduino UNO

   • Description: Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
   • Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0

3. Battery 12V

   • Description: 12V power supply
   • Pins: +, -

4. DC Motor

   • Description: Standard DC motor
   • Pins: pin 1, pin 2

Wiring Details

L298N DC Motor Driver (1)

• OUT1: Connected to pin 1 of DC Motor (1)
• OUT2: Connected to pin 2 of DC Motor (1)
• 12V: Connected to + of Battery (1)
• GND: Connected to - of Battery (1)
• IN1: Connected to D2 of Arduino UNO
• IN2: Connected to D3 of Arduino UNO

L298N DC Motor Driver (2)

• OUT1: Connected to pin 1 of DC Motor (2)
• OUT2: Connected to pin 2 of DC Motor (2)
• 12V: Connected to + of Battery (2)
• GND: Connected to - of Battery (2)
• IN1: Connected to D4 of Arduino UNO
• IN2: Connected to D5 of Arduino UNO

Arduino UNO

• D2: Connected to IN1 of L298N DC Motor Driver (1)
• D3: Connected to IN2 of L298N DC Motor Driver (1)
• D4: Connected to IN1 of L298N DC Motor Driver (2)
• D5: Connected to IN2 of L298N DC Motor Driver (2)

Battery 12V (1)

• +: Connected to 12V of L298N DC Motor Driver (1)
• -: Connected to GND of L298N DC Motor Driver (1)

Battery 12V (2)

• +: Connected to 12V of L298N DC Motor Driver (2)
• -: Connected to GND of L298N DC Motor Driver (2)

DC Motor (1)

• pin 1: Connected to OUT1 of L298N DC Motor Driver (1)
• pin 2: Connected to OUT2 of L298N DC Motor Driver (1)

DC Motor (2)

• pin 1: Connected to OUT1 of L298N DC Motor Driver (2)
• pin 2: Connected to OUT2 of L298N DC Motor Driver (2)

Code Documentation

int motor1pin1 = 2;
int motor1pin2 = 3;

int motor2pin1 = 4;
int motor2pin2 = 5;

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  pinMode(motor1pin1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor1pin2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor2pin1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor2pin2, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

  // Controlling speed (0 = off and 255 = max speed):
  
  digitalWrite(motor1pin1, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(motor1pin2, LOW);

  digitalWrite(motor2pin1, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(motor2pin2, LOW);
  delay(3000);

  digitalWrite(motor1pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor1pin2, HIGH);

  digitalWrite(motor2pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor2pin2, HIGH);
  delay(3000);
}

Code Explanation

• motor1pin1 and motor1pin2 are connected to pins D2 and D3 of the Arduino UNO, respectively, to control the first motor.
• motor2pin1 and motor2pin2 are connected to pins D4 and D5 of the Arduino UNO, respectively, to control the second motor.
• In the setup() function, the pins are set as outputs.
• In the loop() function, the motors are controlled to alternate directions every 3 seconds.