Circuit Documentation

Summary

This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit designed to control multiple motors and sensors using an ESP32 and an Arduino Leonardo. The circuit includes motor drivers, various sensors, and a GPS module. The ESP32 is used for Wi-Fi connectivity and communication with Firebase, while the Arduino Leonardo handles motor control and sensor data processing.

Component List

1. Motor and Wheels

   • Description: DC motors with attached wheels.
   • Pins: vcc, GND

2. L298N DC Motor Driver

   • Description: Dual H-Bridge motor driver for controlling DC motors.
   • Pins: OUT1, OUT2, 12V, GND, 5V, OUT3, OUT4, 5V-ENA-JMP-I, 5V-ENA-JMP-O, +5V-J1, +5V-J2, ENA, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, ENB

3. ESP32

   • Description: Wi-Fi and Bluetooth microcontroller.
   • Pins: EN, VP, VN, D34, D35, D32, D33, D25, D26, D27, D14, D12, D13, GND, VIN, 3V3, D15, D2, D4, RX2, TX2, D5, D18, D19, D21, RX0, TX0, D22, D23, BOOT

4. Arduino Leonardo (Rev3b)

   • Description: Microcontroller board based on the ATmega32u4.
   • Pins: D0/RX, D1/TX, D2/SDA, D3 PWM/SCL, D4/A6, D5 PWM, D6 PWM/A7, D7, n.c., IOREF, RESET, 3V3, 5V, GND, VIN, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, D8/A8, D9 PWM/A9, D10 PWM/A10, D11 PWM, D12/A11, D13 PWM, AREF, SDA, SCL

5. Battery 12V

   • Description: 12V power source.
   • Pins: +, -

6. HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor (Wokwi Compatible)

   • Description: Ultrasonic sensor for distance measurement.
   • Pins: VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND

7. Servo

   • Description: Servo motor for precise control of angular position.
   • Pins: GND, VCC, PWM

8. RAIN SENSOR

   • Description: Sensor for detecting rain.
   • Pins: AO, DO, GRD, VCC

9. MQ-2

   • Description: Gas sensor for detecting various gases.
   • Pins: GND, VCC, ANALOG, Digital

10. GPS NEO 6M

    • Description: GPS module for location tracking.
    • Pins: VCC, RX, TX, GND

Wiring Details

Motor and Wheels

• vcc connected to OUT3 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• GND connected to OUT4 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• vcc connected to OUT1 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• GND connected to OUT2 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• vcc connected to OUT3 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• GND connected to OUT4 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• vcc connected to OUT1 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• GND connected to OUT2 of L298N DC Motor Driver

L298N DC Motor Driver

• 12V connected to + of Battery 12V
• GND connected to - of Battery 12V
• 5V connected to VIN of Arduino Leonardo
• ENA connected to D3 PWM/SCL of Arduino Leonardo
• IN1 connected to D7 of Arduino Leonardo and DO of RAIN SENSOR
• IN2 connected to D8/A8 of Arduino Leonardo and Digital of MQ-2
• IN3 connected to D10 PWM/A10 of Arduino Leonardo
• IN4 connected to D11 PWM of Arduino Leonardo
• ENB connected to D5 PWM of Arduino Leonardo

ESP32

• VIN connected to 5V of L298N DC Motor Driver
• GND connected to GND of Arduino Leonardo and GND of GPS NEO 6M
• RX0 connected to RX of GPS NEO 6M
• TX0 connected to TX of GPS NEO 6M

Arduino Leonardo (Rev3b)

• VIN connected to 5V of L298N DC Motor Driver
• D3 PWM/SCL connected to ENA of L298N DC Motor Driver
• D7 connected to IN1 of L298N DC Motor Driver and DO of RAIN SENSOR
• D8/A8 connected to IN2 of L298N DC Motor Driver and Digital of MQ-2
• D10 PWM/A10 connected to IN3 of L298N DC Motor Driver
• D11 PWM connected to IN4 of L298N DC Motor Driver
• D5 PWM connected to ENB of L298N DC Motor Driver
• D1/TX connected to RX of GPS NEO 6M
• D0/RX connected to TX of GPS NEO 6M
• D2/SDA connected to TRIG of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor
• D4/A6 connected to ECHO of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor
• 5V connected to VCC of Servo, VCC of RAIN SENSOR, VCC of GPS NEO 6M, VCC of MQ-2, and VCC of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor
• GND connected to GND of Servo, GRD of RAIN SENSOR, GND of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor, and GND of MQ-2
• A0 connected to ANALOG of MQ-2
• A1 connected to AO of RAIN SENSOR
• D9 PWM/A9 connected to PWM of Servo

Battery 12V

• + connected to 12V of L298N DC Motor Driver
• - connected to GND of L298N DC Motor Driver

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor (Wokwi Compatible)

• TRIG connected to D2/SDA of Arduino Leonardo
• ECHO connected to D4/A6 of Arduino Leonardo
• VCC connected to 5V of Arduino Leonardo
• GND connected to GND of Arduino Leonardo

Servo

• VCC connected to 5V of Arduino Leonardo
• PWM connected to D9 PWM/A9 of Arduino Leonardo
• GND connected to GND of Arduino Leonardo

RAIN SENSOR

• DO connected to D7 of Arduino Leonardo and IN1 of L298N DC Motor Driver
• GRD connected to GND of Arduino Leonardo
• VCC connected to 5V of Arduino Leonardo
• AO connected to A1 of Arduino Leonardo

MQ-2

• Digital connected to D8/A8 of Arduino Leonardo and IN2 of L298N DC Motor Driver
• GND connected to GND of Arduino Leonardo
• VCC connected to 5V of Arduino Leonardo
• ANALOG connected to A0 of Arduino Leonardo

GPS NEO 6M

• VCC connected to 5V of Arduino Leonardo
• RX connected to D1/TX of Arduino Leonardo and RX0 of ESP32
• TX connected to D0/RX of Arduino Leonardo and TX0 of ESP32
• GND connected to GND of Arduino