Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit involves an Arduino Nano microcontroller interfacing with various sensors and actuators, including photocells (LDRs), resistors, servos, a water pump, a soil moisture sensor, a buck converter, and a motor driver. The circuit is designed to read sensor data and control actuators accordingly.

Component List

1. Arduino Nano

   • Description: A small, complete, and breadboard-friendly board based on the ATmega328P.
   • Pins: D1/TX, D0/RX, RESET, GND, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, D10, D11/MOSI, D12/MISO, VIN, 5V, A7, A6, A5, A4, A3, A2, A1, A0, AREF, 3V3, D13/SCK

2. Photocell (LDR)

   • Description: A light-dependent resistor used to detect light levels.
   • Pins: pin 0, pin 1

3. Resistor

   • Description: A 10k Ohm resistor used to limit current.
   • Pins: pin1, pin2
   • Properties: Resistance: 10k Ohms

4. GND

   • Description: Ground connection.
   • Pins: GND

5. Servo

   • Description: A servo motor used for precise control of angular position.
   • Pins: gnd, vcc, pulse

6. Buck Converter

   • Description: A DC-DC converter used to step down voltage.
   • Pins: IN+, IN-, OUT+, OUT-

7. Water Pump

   • Description: A small water pump used for liquid transfer.
   • Pins: +, -

8. TP5100

   • Description: A battery charging module.
   • Pins: B-, B+, IN-, IN+

9. Soil Moisture Sensor

   • Description: A sensor used to measure the moisture level in the soil.
   • Pins: VCC, GND, SIG

10. 18650 Li-Ion

    • Description: A rechargeable lithium-ion battery.
    • Pins: Positive, Negative

11. DC Mini Metal Gear Motor

    • Description: A small DC motor with metal gears.
    • Pins: IN1, IN2

12. L293D Motor Driver

    • Description: A motor driver IC used to control motors.
    • Pins: pin 1, pin 2, pin 10, pin 9, pin 12, pin 11, pin 5, pin 6, pin 7, pin 8, pin 3, pin 4

Wiring Details

Arduino Nano

• D6: Connected to Servo (pulse)
• D9: Connected to Servo (pulse)
• D10: Connected to Water Pump (-)
• A4: Connected to Soil Moisture Sensor (SIG)
• A3: Connected to Resistor (pin1) and Photocell (LDR) (pin 1)
• A2: Connected to Resistor (pin1) and Photocell (LDR) (pin 1)
• A1: Connected to Resistor (pin1) and Photocell (LDR) (pin 1)
• A0: Connected to Resistor (pin1) and Photocell (LDR) (pin 1)

Photocell (LDR)

• pin 0: Connected to Buck Converter (OUT+), Servo (vcc), Soil Moisture Sensor (VCC)
• pin 1: Connected to Resistor (pin1) and Arduino Nano (A3, A2, A1, A0)

Resistor

• pin1: Connected to Photocell (LDR) (pin 1) and Arduino Nano (A3, A2, A1, A0)
• pin2: Connected to GND

Servo

• pulse: Connected to Arduino Nano (D6, D9)
• vcc: Connected to Buck Converter (OUT+), Photocell (LDR) (pin 0)
• gnd: Connected to GND

Buck Converter

• OUT+: Connected to Photocell (LDR) (pin 0), Servo (vcc), Soil Moisture Sensor (VCC)
• OUT-: Connected to GND

Water Pump

• -: Connected to Arduino Nano (D10)
• +: Connected to L293D Motor Driver (pin 11)

Soil Moisture Sensor

• SIG: Connected to Arduino Nano (A4)
• VCC: Connected to Buck Converter (OUT+), Photocell (LDR) (pin 0)
• GND: Connected to GND

DC Mini Metal Gear Motor

• IN2: Connected to L293D Motor Driver (pin 9)

L293D Motor Driver

• pin 11: Connected to Water Pump (+)
• pin 9: Connected to DC Mini Metal Gear Motor (IN2)

GND

• GND: Connected to Resistor (pin2), Servo (gnd), Buck Converter (OUT-), Soil Moisture Sensor (GND)

Documented Code

Arduino Nano Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Documentation (documentation.txt)

This documentation provides a comprehensive overview of the circuit, including a summary, component list, wiring details, and the code used in the microcontroller.