Wi-Fi Enabled Battery-Powered Proximity Detection System

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Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to manage and monitor a battery system using multiple 18650 Li-ion batteries, a 3S 60A BMS (Battery Management System), and various sensors and actuators. It includes an Arduino Mega 2560 for control logic, an ESP32-WROOM-32UE for additional processing and connectivity, and a range of components such as DC motors, ultrasonic sensors, a turbidity sensor, and a load cell with an amplifier. The circuit also features a battery level indicator, a DFPlayer Mini for audio output, an LCD display for user interface, and a motor driver shield for controlling the DC motors.

Component List

3S 60A BMS: A battery management system for managing a 3-cell series battery pack.
18650 Li-ion Battery: Rechargeable batteries used in the battery pack.
2.1mm DC Barrel Jack: A power connector for the circuit.
Terminal Block: A connector for joining multiple wires together.
Battery Level Indicator: Displays the charge level of the battery pack.
Arduino Mega 2560: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560.
Linear Actuator: A type of motor that creates motion in a straight line.
Huskylens: An AI camera module for object recognition and tracking.
HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor: A sensor for measuring distance via ultrasonic waves.
DC Motor: An electric motor that runs on direct current electricity.
ESP32-WROOM-32UE: A powerful microcontroller with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities.
Load Cell - Red/white/black/green: A sensor that measures force or weight.
SparkFun Load Cell Amplifier - HX711: An amplifier for the load cell signal.
LCD Display 16x4 I2C: A 16x4 character LCD display with an I2C interface.
DFPlayer MINI: A small and low-cost MP3 module with a simplified output.
Loudspeaker: An electroacoustic transducer that converts an electrical audio signal into sound.
LM2596 Step Down Module: A voltage regulator that steps down input voltage to a lower output voltage.
Rocker Switch: A switch that rocks back and forth to open or close the circuit.
L293D Motor Driver Shield: A shield for Arduino that can control up to four DC motors with 8-bit speed control.

Wiring Details

3S 60A BMS

Positive: Connected to the center pin of the 2.1mm DC Barrel Jack and one terminal of the Rocker Switch.
Negative: Connected to the switch and sleeve pins of the 2.1mm DC Barrel Jack, the negative terminal of the Terminal Block, and another terminal of the Rocker Switch.

18650 Li-ion Battery

Multiple batteries are connected in series and parallel to form a battery pack managed by the 3S 60A BMS.

2.1mm DC Barrel Jack

Center: Connected to the positive of the 3S 60A BMS.
Switch: Connected to the negative of the 3S 60A BMS.
Sleeve: Connected to the negative of the 3S 60A BMS.

Terminal Block

Positive (+): Connected to the positive of the 3S 60A BMS, LM2596 Step Down Module IN+, L293D Motor Driver Shield, Battery Level Indicator, and Rocker Switch.
Negative (-): Connected to the negative of the 3S 60A BMS, LM2596 Step Down Module IN-, L293D Motor Driver Shield, Linear Actuator, and Battery Level Indicator.

Battery Level Indicator

Positive: Connected to the positive terminal of the Terminal Block.
GND: Connected to the negative terminal of the Terminal Block.

Arduino Mega 2560

No specific wiring provided.

Linear Actuator

Positive (+): Connected to the Rocker Switch.
Negative (-): Connected to the negative terminal of the Terminal Block.

Huskylens

SDA: Connected to A4 on the L293D Motor Driver Shield.
SCL: Connected to A5 on the L293D Motor Driver Shield.
GND: Connected to GND on the L293D Motor Driver Shield.
VCC: Connected to 5+ on the L293D Motor Driver Shield.

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

VCC: Connected to 5+ on the L293D Motor Driver Shield.
TRIG: Connected to A0 and A2 on the L293D Motor Driver Shield (two sensors).
ECHO: Connected to A1 and A3 on the L293D Motor Driver Shield (two sensors).
GND: Connected to GND on the L293D Motor Driver Shield.

DC Motor

Pin 1 and Pin 2: Connected to the L293D Motor Driver Shield (specific connections not provided).

ESP32-WROOM-32UE

VN: Connected to OUT+ on the LM2596 Step Down Module.
27: Connected to OUT on the Turbidity Module.
14: Connected to RX on the DFPlayer MINI.
12: Connected to TX on the DFPlayer MINI.
GND: Connected to OUT- on the LM2596 Step Down Module, GND on the Turbidity Module, and GND on the DFPlayer MINI.

Load Cell - Red/white/black/green

E+: Connected to RED on the SparkFun Load Cell Amplifier - HX711.
A-: Connected to WHT on the SparkFun Load Cell Amplifier - HX711.
E-: Connected to BLK on the SparkFun Load Cell Amplifier - HX711.
A+: Connected to GRN on the SparkFun Load Cell Amplifier - HX711.

SparkFun Load Cell Amplifier - HX711

VCC: Connected to 5V on the ESP32-WROOM-32UE.
GND: Connected to GND on the ESP32-WROOM-32UE.
CLK: Connected to pin 5 on the ESP32-WROOM-32UE.
DAT: Connected to pin 17 on the ESP32-WROOM-32UE.

LCD Display 16x4 I2C

SCL: Connected to pin 19 on the ESP32-WROOM-32UE.
SDA: Connected to RX on the ESP32-WROOM-32UE.
VCC: Connected to 5V on the ESP32-WROOM-32UE.
GND: Connected to GND on the ESP32-WROOM-32UE.

DFPlayer MINI

VCC: Connected to 5V on the ESP32-WROOM-32UE.
RX: Connected to pin 14 on the ESP32-WROOM-32UE.
TX: Connected to pin 12 on the ESP32-WROOM-32UE.
GND: Connected to GND on the ESP32-WROOM-32UE.
SPK1: Connected to pin2 on the Loudspeaker.
SPK2: Connected to pin1 on the Loudspeaker.

Loudspeaker

Pin1: Connected to SPK2 on the DFPlayer MINI.
Pin2: Connected to SPK1 on the DFPlayer MINI.

LM2596 Step Down Module

IN+: Connected to the positive terminal of the Terminal Block.
IN-: Connected to the negative terminal of the Terminal Block.
OUT+: Connected to VN on the ESP32-WROOM-32UE.
OUT-: Connected to GND on the ESP32-WROOM-32UE.

Rocker Switch

Terminal 1: Connected to the positive of the 3S 60A BMS and the positive terminal of the Terminal Block.
Terminal 2: Connected to the Linear Actuator and the negative of the 3S 60A BMS.

L293D Motor Driver Shield

5+: Provides power to the Huskylens, HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensors, and ESP32-WROOM-32UE.
GND: Common ground for Huskylens, HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensors, and ESP32-WROOM-32UE.
A0-A5: Control signals for Huskylens and HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensors.

Documented Code

Arduino Mega 2560 (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Note: The provided code for the Arduino Mega 2560 is a template with empty setup and loop functions. Actual implementation code is required for the circuit to perform any operations.

ESP32-WROOM-32UE

No code provided for the ESP32-WROOM-32UE.