Circuit Documentation

Summary

This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit that includes an Arduino UNO microcontroller, an L298N DC motor driver, an HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor, a 5-channel IR sensor, two DC Mini Metal Gear Motors, and a pair of 18650 Li-ion batteries. The circuit is designed to control the motors and sensors using the Arduino UNO, with power supplied by the Li-ion batteries.

Component List

1. Arduino UNO

   • Description: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P.
   • Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0

2. L298N DC Motor Driver

   • Description: A dual H-Bridge motor driver that allows control of two DC motors.
   • Pins: OUT1, OUT2, 12V, GND, 5V, OUT3, OUT4, 5V-ENA-JMP-I, 5V-ENA-JMP-O, +5V-J1, +5V-J2, ENA, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, ENB

3. HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

   • Description: A sensor used for measuring distance using ultrasonic waves.
   • Pins: VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND

4. 5-channel IR Sensor

   • Description: A sensor module with 5 IR sensors used for line tracking and obstacle detection.
   • Pins: VCC, GND, S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, CLP, Near

5. DC Mini Metal Gear Motor

   • Description: A small DC motor with metal gears for increased durability.
   • Pins: IN1, IN2

6. 18650 Li-ion Battery x 2

   • Description: Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries.
   • Pins: +, -

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• 3.3V connected to 5-channel IR sensor VCC
• GND connected to 5-channel IR sensor GND, HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor GND, L298N DC motor driver GND, 18650 Li-ion Battery -
• A0 connected to 5-channel IR sensor S5
• A1 connected to 5-channel IR sensor S4
• A2 connected to 5-channel IR sensor S3
• A3 connected to 5-channel IR sensor S2
• A4 connected to 5-channel IR sensor S1
• D10 connected to L298N DC motor driver ENA
• D9 connected to L298N DC motor driver IN1
• D8 connected to L298N DC motor driver IN2, L298N DC motor driver 5V, HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor VCC
• D7 connected to L298N DC motor driver IN3
• D6 connected to L298N DC motor driver IN4
• D5 connected to L298N DC motor driver ENB
• D4 connected to HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor TRIG
• D3 connected to HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor ECHO

L298N DC Motor Driver

• OUT1 connected to DC Mini Metal Gear Motor IN2
• OUT2 connected to DC Mini Metal Gear Motor IN1
• 12V connected to 18650 Li-ion Battery +
• OUT3 connected to DC Mini Metal Gear Motor IN2
• OUT4 connected to DC Mini Metal Gear Motor IN1

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• GND connected to Arduino UNO GND, L298N DC motor driver GND, 18650 Li-ion Battery -
• VCC connected to L298N DC motor driver IN2, L298N DC motor driver 5V, Arduino UNO D8
• TRIG connected to Arduino UNO D4
• ECHO connected to Arduino UNO D3

5-channel IR Sensor

• VCC connected to Arduino UNO 3.3V
• GND connected to Arduino UNO GND
• S1 connected to Arduino UNO A4
• S2 connected to Arduino UNO A3
• S3 connected to Arduino UNO A2
• S4 connected to Arduino UNO A1
• S5 connected to Arduino UNO A0

DC Mini Metal Gear Motor (1)

• IN2 connected to L298N DC motor driver OUT1
• IN1 connected to L298N DC motor driver OUT2

DC Mini Metal Gear Motor (2)

• IN2 connected to L298N DC motor driver OUT3
• IN1 connected to L298N DC motor driver OUT4

18650 Li-ion Battery x 2

• + connected to L298N DC motor driver 12V
• - connected to Arduino UNO GND, HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor GND, L298N DC motor driver GND

Documented Code

Arduino UNO Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Additional Documentation (documentation.txt)