Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to manage power from a solar panel and a 12V battery, with an MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) Solar Charge Controller (SCC) to optimize the charging process. The circuit also includes a power inverter to convert DC to AC, a relay module to switch between power sources, and an Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller to control the relays and LEDs indicating the power source status. Additionally, a voltage sensor is used to monitor the battery voltage, and a 3-position switch allows manual selection between power sources.

Component List

1. Power Inverter

   • Description: Converts DC power to AC power.
   • Pins: +, -

2. 12V 5Ah Battery

   • Description: Provides 12V DC power.
   • Pins: 12v +, 12v -

3. Solar Panel

   • Description: Generates DC power from sunlight.
   • Pins: +, -

4. MPPT SCC

   • Description: Optimizes the charging of the battery from the solar panel.
   • Pins: SOLAR+, SOLAR-, BATTERY+, BATTERY-, LOAD+, LOAD-

5. Relay 4 Channel 5V

   • Description: Switches between different power sources.
   • Pins: GND, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, VCC, COM1, COM2, COM3, COM4, NO1, NO2, NO3, NO4, NC1, NC2, NC3, NC4

6. Arduino Uno R3

   • Description: Microcontroller for controlling relays and LEDs.
   • Pins: D8, D9, D10, D11, D12, D13, GND, AREF, SDA, SCL, D0/RX, D1/Tx, D2, D3, D4, D5, 6, D7, A5/SCL, A4/SDA, A3, A2, A1, A0, Vin, 5V, 3.3V, RESET, IOREF, NONE, USB Jack, Power Jack

7. LED: Two Pin (Green)

   • Description: Indicates the status of the solar power source.
   • Pins: cathode, anode

8. LED: Two Pin (Red)

   • Description: Indicates the status of the grid power source.
   • Pins: cathode, anode

9. Voltage Sensor DC 25V

   • Description: Monitors the voltage of the battery.
   • Pins: +, -, output, gnd, vcc

10. AC Wall Plug Point

    • Description: Provides AC power from the wall outlet.
    • Pins: E, N, L

11. Red Light 220VAC

    • Description: Indicates the status of the AC power.
    • Pins: +, -

12. Alternative Current (AC)

    • Description: Represents the AC power source.
    • Pins: Line, Neutral

13. 3 Position Switch

    • Description: Allows manual selection between power sources.
    • Pins: 23, 11, 24, 12

Wiring Details

Power Inverter

• Pin - connected to:

  • Voltage Sensor DC 25V (-)
  • MPPT SCC (BATTERY-)
  • 12V 5Ah Battery (12v -)
  • AC Wall Plug Point (N)
  • Alternative Current (AC) (Neutral)
  • Red Light 220VAC (-)

• Pin + connected to:

  • Voltage Sensor DC 25V (+)
  • MPPT SCC (BATTERY+)
  • 12V 5Ah Battery (12v +)
  • Relay 4 Channel 5V (COM2)

12V 5Ah Battery

• Pin 12v + connected to:

  • Power Inverter (+)
  • Voltage Sensor DC 25V (+)
  • MPPT SCC (BATTERY+)

• Pin 12v - connected to:

  • Power Inverter (-)
  • Voltage Sensor DC 25V (-)
  • MPPT SCC (BATTERY-)

Solar Panel

• Pin + connected to:

  • MPPT SCC (SOLAR+)

• Pin - connected to:

  • MPPT SCC (SOLAR-)

MPPT SCC

• Pin SOLAR+ connected to:

  • Solar Panel (+)

• Pin SOLAR- connected to:

  • Solar Panel (-)

• Pin BATTERY+ connected to:

  • Power Inverter (+)
  • Voltage Sensor DC 25V (+)
  • 12V 5Ah Battery (12v +)

• Pin BATTERY- connected to:

  • Power Inverter (-)
  • Voltage Sensor DC 25V (-)
  • 12V 5Ah Battery (12v -)

Relay 4 Channel 5V

• Pin GND connected to:

  • Arduino Uno R3 (GND)
  • Voltage Sensor DC 25V (gnd)
  • LED: Two Pin (Green) (cathode)
  • LED: Two Pin (Red) (cathode)

• Pin IN1 connected to:

  • Arduino Uno R3 (D2)

• Pin IN2 connected to:

  • Arduino Uno R3 (D3)

• Pin VCC connected to:

  • Arduino Uno R3 (5V)
  • Voltage Sensor DC 25V (vcc)

• Pin COM1 connected to:

  • Alternative Current (AC) (Line)

• Pin NO1 connected to:

  • 3 Position Switch (11)

• Pin NO2 connected to:

  • 3 Position Switch (23)

• Pin COM2 connected to:

  • Power Inverter (+)

Arduino Uno R3

• Pin GND connected to:

  • Relay 4 Channel 5V (GND)
  • Voltage Sensor DC 25V (gnd)
  • LED: Two Pin (Green) (cathode)
  • LED: Two Pin (Red) (cathode)

• Pin D2 connected to:

  • Relay 4 Channel 5V (IN1)

• Pin D3 connected to:

  • Relay 4 Channel 5V (IN2)

• Pin 5V connected to:

  • Relay 4 Channel 5V (VCC)
  • Voltage Sensor DC 25V (vcc)

• Pin 6 connected to:

  • LED: Two Pin (Red) (anode)

• Pin D7 connected to:

  • LED: Two Pin (Green) (anode)

• Pin A1 connected to:

  • Voltage Sensor DC 25V (output)

LED: Two Pin (Green)

• Pin cathode connected to:

  • Arduino Uno R3 (GND)
  • Relay 4 Channel 5V (GND)
  • Voltage Sensor DC 25V (gnd)

• Pin anode connected to:

  • Arduino Uno R3 (D7)

LED: Two Pin (Red)

• Pin cathode connected to:

  • Arduino Uno R3 (GND)
  • Relay 4 Channel 5V (GND)
  • Voltage Sensor DC 25V (gnd)

• Pin anode connected to:

  • Arduino Uno R3 (6)

Voltage Sensor DC 25V

• Pin + connected to:

  • Power Inverter (+)
  • MPPT SCC (BATTERY+)
  • 12V 5Ah Battery (12v +)

• Pin - connected to:

  • Power Inverter (-)
  • MPPT SCC (BATTERY-)
  • 12V 5Ah Battery (12v -)

• Pin output connected to:

  • Arduino Uno R3 (A1)

• Pin gnd connected to:

  • Arduino Uno R3 (GND)
  • Relay 4 Channel 5V (GND)
  • LED: Two Pin (Green) (cathode)
  • LED: Two Pin (Red) (cathode)

• Pin vcc connected to:

  • Arduino Uno R3 (5V)
  • Relay 4 Channel 5V (VCC)

AC Wall Plug Point

• Pin N connected to:

  • Power Inverter (-)
  • Alternative Current (AC) (Neutral)
  • Red Light 220VAC (-)

• Pin L connected to:

  • 3 Position Switch (24)
  • 3 Position Switch (12)
  • Red Light 220VAC (+)

Red Light 220VAC

• Pin - connected to:

  • Power Inverter (-)
  • AC Wall Plug Point (N)
  • Alternative Current (AC) (Neutral)

• Pin + connected to:

  • AC Wall Plug Point (L)
  • 3 Position Switch (24)
  • 3 Position Switch (12)

Alternative Current (AC)

• **Pin Line