Arduino Nano-Based Quadcopter with NRF24L01 Wireless Control and MPU-9250 Sensor
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Circuit Documentation
Summary
This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit design that includes an Arduino Nano, an NRF24L01 wireless module, an MPU-9250 sensor, multiple brushless motors, electronic speed controllers (ESCs), and a power distribution board. The circuit is designed to control the brushless motors using the Arduino Nano, which communicates with the NRF24L01 module for wireless control and the MPU-9250 sensor for orientation and motion sensing. The power distribution board supplies power to all components from a LiPo battery.
Component List
Arduino Nano
- Description: A small, complete, and breadboard-friendly board based on the ATmega328P.
- Pins: D1/TX, D0/RX, RESET, GND, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, D10, D11/MOSI, D12/MISO, VIN, 5V, A7, A6, A5, A4, A3, A2, A1, A0, AREF, 3V3, D13/SCK
NRF24L01 Adapter
- Description: Adapter module for the NRF24L01 wireless transceiver.
- Pins: CE, CSN, SCK, MOSI, MISO, IRQ, VCC, GND
NRF24L01
- Description: A 2.4GHz wireless transceiver module.
- Pins: IRQ (not used), MOSI, CSN, VCC (3V), GND, CE, SCK, MISO
MPU-9250/6500/9255
- Description: A 9-axis motion tracking device that combines a 3-axis gyroscope, 3-axis accelerometer, and 3-axis magnetometer.
- Pins: VCC, GND, SCL/SCLK, SDA/SDI, EDA, ECL, ADO/SDO, INT, NCS, FSYNC
Brushless Motor
- Description: A type of electric motor that is powered by direct current (DC) and uses electronic commutation instead of mechanical brushes.
- Pins: L1, L2, L3
Electronic Speed Controller (ESC)
- Description: A device that controls the speed of an electric motor.
- Pins: Battery VCC, Battery GND, Signal, 5v out, GND out, M1, M2, M3
XT60 Power Distribution Board
- Description: A board that distributes power from a LiPo battery to multiple components.
- Pins: LiPo GND, LiPo PWR, Gnd, 5V out BEC, 12V out BEC, ESC +, ESC -
Lipo Battery
- Description: A rechargeable lithium polymer battery.
- Pins: VCC, GND
Wiring Details
Arduino Nano
- GND: Connected to GND out of multiple ESCs and GND of the XT60 Power Distribution Board.
- D2: Connected to Signal of an ESC.
- D3: Connected to Signal of another ESC.
- D4: Connected to Signal of another ESC.
- D5: Connected to Signal of another ESC.
- D9: Connected to CE of the NRF24L01 Adapter.
- D10: Connected to CSN of the NRF24L01 Adapter.
- D11/MOSI: Connected to MOSI of the NRF24L01 Adapter.
- D12/MISO: Connected to MISO of the NRF24L01 Adapter.
- VIN: Connected to 5V out BEC of the XT60 Power Distribution Board.
- 5V: Connected to VCC of the NRF24L01 Adapter and VCC of the MPU-9250.
- A5: Connected to SCL/SCLK of the MPU-9250.
- A4: Connected to SDA/SDI of the MPU-9250.
NRF24L01 Adapter
- CE: Connected to D9 of the Arduino Nano.
- CSN: Connected to D10 of the Arduino Nano.
- MOSI: Connected to D11/MOSI of the Arduino Nano.
- MISO: Connected to D12/MISO of the Arduino Nano.
- VCC: Connected to 5V of the Arduino Nano.
- GND: Connected to GND of the XT60 Power Distribution Board.
MPU-9250/6500/9255
- VCC: Connected to 5V of the Arduino Nano.
- GND: Connected to GND of the XT60 Power Distribution Board.
- SCL/SCLK: Connected to A5 of the Arduino Nano.
- SDA/SDI: Connected to A4 of the Arduino Nano.
Brushless Motor
- L1: Connected to M1 of an ESC.
- L2: Connected to M2 of an ESC.
- L3: Connected to M3 of an ESC.
Electronic Speed Controller (ESC)
- GND out: Connected to GND of the Arduino Nano and GND of the XT60 Power Distribution Board.
- Signal: Connected to D2, D3, D4, or D5 of the Arduino Nano.
- Battery VCC: Connected to ESC + of the XT60 Power Distribution Board.
- Battery GND: Connected to ESC - of the XT60 Power Distribution Board.
- M1: Connected to L1 of a Brushless Motor.
- M2: Connected to L2 of a Brushless Motor.
- M3: Connected to L3 of a Brushless Motor.
XT60 Power Distribution Board
- 5V out BEC: Connected to VIN of the Arduino Nano.
- Gnd: Connected to GND of the NRF24L01 Adapter, GND of the MPU-9250, and GND of the Arduino Nano.
- ESC +: Connected to Battery VCC of multiple ESCs.
- ESC -: Connected to Battery GND of multiple ESCs.
- LiPo PWR: Connected to VCC of the LiPo Battery.
- LiPo GND: Connected to GND of the LiPo Battery.
Lipo Battery
- VCC: Connected to LiPo PWR of the XT60 Power Distribution Board.
- GND: Connected to LiPo GND of the XT60 Power Distribution Board.
Documented Code
Arduino Nano Code
void setup() {
// put your setup code here, to run once:
}
void loop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
}
This code is a basic template for the Arduino Nano. The setup() function is where you initialize your components and settings, and the loop() function is where you place the main code that runs repeatedly.
This document provides a comprehensive overview of the circuit, including the components used, their connections, and the code for the Arduino Nano. This should serve as a useful reference for understanding and troubleshooting the circuit.