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ESP32-Controlled GPS and Metal Detector Robot with L298N Motor Driver

Image of ESP32-Controlled GPS and Metal Detector Robot with L298N Motor Driver

Circuit Documentation

Summary

The circuit in question appears to be designed for a mobile platform, possibly a robot, which includes an ESP32 microcontroller for processing and control, a GPS module for positioning, a metal detector for object detection, motor drivers for actuating wheels, and a power management system. The ESP32 is interfaced with a GPS NEO 6M module for location tracking and a metal detector for detecting metallic objects. The L298N motor driver is used to control the gearmotors attached to the wheels, allowing for movement. The power management system consists of a 12V battery, a step-down module to regulate voltage, and a rocker switch for power control.

Component List

ESP32 (30 pin)

  • Microcontroller with WiFi and Bluetooth capabilities.
  • 30 GPIO pins including analog inputs, digital IOs, power, and ground.

GPS NEO 6M

  • GPS module for receiving satellite positioning data.
  • Pins: VCC, RX, TX, GND.

Gearmotor DC Wheels (Right and Left)

  • DC motors with gear reduction used for driving wheels.
  • Pins: PIN1, PIN2.

Battery 12V

  • Power source for the circuit.
  • Pins: + (positive), - (negative).

LM2596 Step Down Module

  • Voltage regulator to step down the voltage from the battery.
  • Pins: OUT-, OUT+, IN-, IN+.

Rocker Switch

  • Mechanical switch to control the power flow in the circuit.
  • Pins: 1, 2.

L298N DC Motor Driver

  • Dual H-bridge motor driver for controlling the speed and direction of two DC motors.
  • Multiple control and power pins including OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, OUT4, ENA, ENB, and others.

Metal Detector

  • Sensor for detecting metallic objects.
  • Pins: VCC, GND, D (digital output).

Wiring Details

ESP32 (30 pin)

  • D33 connected to L298N DC motor driver ENB.
  • D25 connected to L298N DC motor driver IN4.
  • D26 connected to L298N DC motor driver IN3.
  • D27 connected to L298N DC motor driver IN2.
  • D14 connected to L298N DC motor driver IN1.
  • D12 connected to L298N DC motor driver ENA.
  • D13 connected to Metal detector D.
  • GND connected to L298N DC motor driver GND, LM2596 Step Down Module OUT-, GPS NEO 6M GND, and Metal detector GND.
  • Vin connected to L298N DC motor driver 5V and LM2596 Step Down Module OUT+.
  • TX2 connected to GPS NEO 6M RX.
  • RX2 connected to GPS NEO 6M TX.
  • 3V3 connected to GPS NEO 6M VCC and Metal detector VCC.

GPS NEO 6M

  • RX connected to ESP32 TX2.
  • TX connected to ESP32 RX2.
  • GND connected to ESP32 GND.
  • VCC connected to ESP32 3V3.

Gearmotor DC Wheels (Right and Left)

  • Right and Left motors connected to L298N DC motor driver OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, and OUT4 in a cross-configuration for differential drive.

Battery 12V

    • connected to Rocker Switch 1.
    • connected to LM2596 Step Down Module IN-.

LM2596 Step Down Module

  • OUT- connected to ESP32 GND and L298N DC motor driver GND.
  • OUT+ connected to ESP32 Vin and L298N DC motor driver 5V.
  • IN- connected to Battery 12V -.
  • IN+ connected to Rocker Switch 2.

Rocker Switch

  • 1 connected to Battery 12V +.
  • 2 connected to LM2596 Step Down Module IN+ and L298N DC motor driver 12V.

L298N DC Motor Driver

  • ENA, ENB connected to ESP32 for speed control.
  • IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4 connected to ESP32 for direction control.
  • OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, OUT4 connected to Gearmotor DC Wheels.
  • 5V connected to ESP32 Vin.
  • GND connected to ESP32 GND.
  • 12V connected to Rocker Switch 2.

Metal Detector

  • D connected to ESP32 D13.
  • GND connected to ESP32 GND.
  • VCC connected to ESP32 3V3.

Documented Code

No code was provided for the microcontroller. However, the expected code would handle the following tasks:

  • Initialize and configure the ESP32 GPIO pins for communication with the GPS module, metal detector, and motor driver.
  • Read data from the GPS module and metal detector.
  • Control the motor driver to actuate the gearmotors based on sensor inputs and possibly remote commands.
  • Implement power management routines to handle the on/off state through the rocker switch.

For further development, code should be written and documented to fulfill the above functionalities.