Automated Irrigation System Documentation

Summary

This document describes an automated irrigation system designed to monitor soil moisture levels and automatically water plants when the soil moisture falls below a predefined threshold. The system uses an Arduino UNO as the central processing unit, a soil moisture sensor to measure the moisture level, a 2-channel relay to control the water pump, and an LCD I2C display to provide a user interface. The system is powered by a 9V battery and controls the water pump based on the moisture readings.

Component List

Arduino UNO

• Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
• Provides digital and analog I/O pins
• Used for reading sensor data, controlling the relay, and communicating with the LCD display

MKE-S13 Soil Moisture Sensor

• Measures the moisture level in the soil
• Outputs an analog signal that is read by the Arduino UNO

2-Channel Relay

• Acts as an electrically operated switch
• Controls the power supply to the water pump

Water Pump

• Pumps water from a reservoir to the plants
• Controlled by the relay module

9V Battery

• Provides power to the relay and water pump

LCD I2C Display

• Displays the current soil moisture level and system status
• Uses I2C communication to interface with the Arduino UNO

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• 5V pin connected to the 5V pins of the Soil Moisture Sensor and the 2-channel relay
• GND pin connected to the GND pins of the Soil Moisture Sensor, 2-channel relay, and LCD I2C Display
• 3.3V pin connected to the VCC pin of the LCD I2C Display
• A0 pin connected to the SIG pin of the Soil Moisture Sensor
• SCL pin connected to the SCL pin of the LCD I2C Display
• SDA pin connected to the SDA pin of the LCD I2C Display
• D7 pin connected to the IN1 pin of the 2-channel relay

MKE-S13 Soil Moisture Sensor

• GND pin connected to the Arduino UNO GND
• 5V pin connected to the Arduino UNO 5V
• SIG pin connected to the Arduino UNO A0

2-Channel Relay

• GND pin connected to the Arduino UNO GND
• VCC pin connected to the Arduino UNO 5V
• IN1 pin connected to the Arduino UNO D7
• COM pin connected to the VCC pin of the Water Pump
• NO pin connected to the + pin of the 9V Battery

Water Pump

• VCC pin connected to the COM pin of the 2-channel relay
• GND pin connected to the - pin of the 9V Battery

9V Battery

• + pin connected to the NO pin of the 2-channel relay
• - pin connected to the GND pin of the Water Pump

LCD I2C Display

• GND pin connected to the Arduino UNO GND
• VCC pin connected to the Arduino UNO 3.3V
• SDA pin connected to the Arduino UNO SDA
• SCL pin connected to the Arduino UNO SCL

Documented Code

Arduino UNO Code

const int sensorPin = A0; // Pin sensor kelembapan tanah
const int relayPin = 7;   // Pin kontrol relay
const int threshold = 500; // Ambang batas kelembapan tanah

void setup() {
  pinMode(relayPin, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW); // Pastikan pompa mati saat startup
  Serial.begin(9600); // Untuk debugging
}

void loop() {
  int sensorValue = analogRead(sensorPin); // Baca nilai dari sensor kelembapan tanah
  
  Serial.print("Kelembapan Tanah: ");
  Serial.println(sensorValue); // Tampilkan nilai sensor ke serial monitor

  if (sensorValue < threshold) {
    digitalWrite(relayPin, HIGH); // Hidupkan pompa
    Serial.println("Pompa ON");
  } else {
    digitalWrite(relayPin, LOW); // Matikan pompa
    Serial.println("Pompa OFF");
  }
  
  delay(2000); // Tunggu 2 detik sebelum pembacaan berikutnya
}

This code is responsible for reading the soil moisture sensor data, comparing it to a predefined threshold, and controlling the relay to turn the water pump on or off accordingly. It also sends the soil moisture readings to the serial monitor for debugging purposes.

Relay Module Code

void setup() {
  // No setup code required for relay module
}

void loop() {
  // No loop code required for relay module
}

The relay module does not require any specific code as it is directly controlled by the Arduino UNO through one of its digital pins.

9V Battery Code

void setup() {
  // No setup code required for the battery
}

void loop() {
  // No loop code required for the battery
}

The 9V battery does not require any code as it is a power source.