Project Documentation

Arduino UNO-Based Environmental Monitoring System with Wi-Fi Connectivity

Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to monitor environmental conditions using various sensors and communicate the data via a WiFi module. The main components include an Arduino UNO, a DHT22 temperature and humidity sensor, a soil moisture sensor, a vibration sensor, a tilt sensor, a buzzer, and an ESP8266 WiFi module. The Arduino UNO reads data from the sensors and sends it to the ESP8266 for wireless transmission. The buzzer is used to provide audible alerts based on sensor readings.

Component List

Arduino UNO
- Description: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P.
- Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0
SW-420 Vibration Sensor
- Description: A sensor module that detects vibrations.
- Pins: vcc, Ground, Digital output
SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor
- Description: A sensor that measures the moisture level in the soil.
- Pins: VCC, GND, SIG
Tilt Sensor
- Description: A sensor that detects tilt or orientation.
- Pins: A0, D0, GND, VCC
DHT22
- Description: A sensor that measures temperature and humidity.
- Pins: GND, VCC, DAT
ESP8266 ESP-01 WiFi Module
- Description: A WiFi module for wireless communication.
- Pins: TXD, CH_PD, RST, VCC, GND, GPIO_2, GPIO_0, RXD
Buzzer
- Description: An electronic device that produces sound.
- Pins: PIN, GND

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

3.3V: Connected to VCC of ESP8266 ESP-01 WiFi Module
5V: Connected to VCC of DHT22, Tilt Sensor, SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor, and SW-420 Vibration Sensor
GND: Connected to GND of DHT22, Tilt Sensor, SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor, Buzzer, SW-420 Vibration Sensor, and ESP8266 ESP-01 WiFi Module
A0: Connected to SIG of SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor
A1: Connected to A0 of Tilt Sensor
D5: Connected to PIN of Buzzer
D4: Connected to DAT of DHT22
D3: Connected to D0 of Tilt Sensor
D2: Connected to Digital output of SW-420 Vibration Sensor
D1: Connected to RXD of ESP8266 ESP-01 WiFi Module
D0: Connected to TXD of ESP8266 ESP-01 WiFi Module

SW-420 Vibration Sensor

vcc: Connected to 5V of Arduino UNO
Ground: Connected to GND of Arduino UNO
Digital output: Connected to D2 of Arduino UNO

SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor

VCC: Connected to 5V of Arduino UNO
GND: Connected to GND of Arduino UNO
SIG: Connected to A0 of Arduino UNO

Tilt Sensor

A0: Connected to A1 of Arduino UNO
D0: Connected to D3 of Arduino UNO
GND: Connected to GND of Arduino UNO
VCC: Connected to 5V of Arduino UNO

DHT22

GND: Connected to GND of Arduino UNO
VCC: Connected to 5V of Arduino UNO
DAT: Connected to D4 of Arduino UNO

ESP8266 ESP-01 WiFi Module

TXD: Connected to D0 of Arduino UNO
RXD: Connected to D1 of Arduino UNO
VCC: Connected to 3.3V of Arduino UNO
GND: Connected to GND of Arduino UNO

Buzzer

PIN: Connected to D5 of Arduino UNO
GND: Connected to GND of Arduino UNO

Documented Code

#include <DHT.h>
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

#define DHTPIN 2        // Pin for DHT22 Data
#define DHTTYPE DHT22   // Define the sensor type (DHT22)
#define soilMoisturePin A0 // Soil Moisture Sensor (Analog Pin)
#define vibrationPin D3 // Vibration Sensor (Digital Pin)
#define tiltPin D4     // Tilt Sensor (Digital Pin)
#define buzzerPin D5   // Buzzer (Digital Pin)
#define wifiTX D6      // ESP8266 TX pin
#define wifiRX D7      // ESP8266 RX pin

DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);  // Initialize DHT sensor

SoftwareSerial espSerial(wifiTX, wifiRX);  // Define SoftwareSerial for ESP8266

void setup() {
  // Start Serial Communication
  Serial.begin(9600);
  espSerial.begin(9600);  // ESP8266 communication

  // Initialize DHT sensor
  dht.begin();

  // Set pin modes
  pinMode(soilMoisturePin, INPUT);
  pinMode(vibrationPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(tiltPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(buzzerPin, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  // Read Soil Moisture
  int soilMoistureValue = analogRead(soilMoisturePin);
  Serial.print("Soil Moisture: ");
  Serial.println(soilMoistureValue);

  // Read Temperature and Humidity
  float temperature = dht.readTemperature(); // Temperature in Celsius
  float humidity = dht.readHumidity(); // Humidity percentage
  if (isnan(temperature) || isnan(humidity)) {
    Serial.println("Failed to read from DHT sensor!");
    return;
  }
  Serial.print("Temperature: ");
  Serial.print(temperature);
  Serial.print(" C, Humidity: ");
  Serial.print(humidity);
  Serial.println(" %");

  // Read Vibration Sensor
  int vibrationStatus = digitalRead(vibrationPin);
  if (vibrationStatus == HIGH) {
    Serial.println("Vibration Detected!");
    digitalWrite(buzzerPin, HIGH); // Activate buzzer
  } else {
    digitalWrite(buzzerPin, LOW); // Deactivate buzzer
  }

  // Read Tilt Sensor
  int tiltStatus = digitalRead(tiltPin);
  if (tiltStatus == HIGH) {
    Serial.println("Tilt Detected!");
    digitalWrite(buzzerPin, HIGH); // Activate buzzer
  } else {
    digitalWrite(buzzerPin, LOW); // Deactivate buzzer
  }

  // Send Data to ESP8266
  String data = "Temperature: " + String(temperature) + " C, Humidity: " + String(humidity) + "%, Moisture: " + String(soilMoistureValue);
  espSerial.println("AT+CIPSEND=1");   // Send data command to ESP8266 (Modify with your server details)
  espSerial.println(data);

  delay(2000); // Wait for 2 seconds before the next loop
}

This code initializes the sensors and the WiFi module, reads data from the sensors, and sends the data to the ESP8266 for wireless transmission. The buzzer is activated based on the readings from the vibration and tilt sensors.