Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit involves an Arduino Nano microcontroller interfacing with various sensors, a relay, a water pump, and an NRF24L01 wireless module. The circuit is designed to monitor soil moisture and temperature, control a water pump, and communicate wirelessly.

Component List

Arduino Nano

• Description: A small, complete, and breadboard-friendly board based on the ATmega328P.
• Pins: D1/TX, D0/RX, RESET, GND, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, D10, D11/MOSI, D12/MISO, VIN, 5V, A7, A6, A5, A4, A3, A2, A1, A0, AREF, 3V3, D13/SCK

NRF24L01

• Description: A wireless transceiver module for low-power, high-speed communication.
• Pins: IRQ (not used), MOSI, CSN, VCC (3V), GND, CE, SCK, MISO

NPK Soil Sensor (mini)

• Description: A sensor to measure the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels in the soil.
• Pins: VCC, GND, A, B

DS18B20 1-Wire Temperature Sensor Probe Cable

• Description: A digital temperature sensor with a 1-Wire interface.
• Pins: shield, GND, DQ, VDD

RS-485 Module

• Description: A module for RS-485 communication, allowing for long-distance, reliable data transmission.
• Pins: VCC, B, A, GND, RO, RE, DE, DI

DFRobot Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor (V1.0)

• Description: A capacitive soil moisture sensor for measuring soil moisture levels.
• Pins: A, VCC, GND

ESP32 (30 pin)

• Description: A powerful microcontroller with integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth.
• Pins: EN, VP, VN, D34, D35, D32, D33, D25, D26, D27, D14, D12, D13, GND, Vin, D23, D22, TX0, RX0, D21, D19, D18, D5, TX2, RX2, D4, D2, D15, 3V3

1-Channel Relay (5V 10A)

• Description: A relay module for controlling high-power devices.
• Pins: NC, signal, C, power, NO, ground

5V Mini Water Pump

• Description: A small water pump powered by 5V.
• Pins: positive pin, negative pin

2x 18650

• Description: A battery pack consisting of two 18650 lithium-ion cells.
• Pins: vcc, gnd

Wiring Details

Arduino Nano

• GND: Connected to GND of RS-485 Module, DS18B20, NRF24L01, 5V Mini Water Pump, DFRobot Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor, 2x 18650, and NPK Soil Sensor.
• D2: Connected to RO of RS-485 Module.
• D3: Connected to DI of RS-485 Module and signal of 1-Channel Relay.
• D5: Connected to shield of DS18B20.
• D7: Connected to DE of RS-485 Module.
• D8: Connected to RE of RS-485 Module.
• D9: Connected to CE of NRF24L01.
• D10: Connected to CSN of NRF24L01.
• D11/MOSI: Connected to MOSI of NRF24L01.
• D12/MISO: Connected to MISO of NRF24L01.
• 5V: Connected to VCC of RS-485 Module, vcc of 2x 18650, and NO of 1-Channel Relay.
• A5: Connected to VCC of NPK Soil Sensor.
• A0: Connected to A of DFRobot Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor.
• 3V3: Connected to VDD of DS18B20, VCC (3V) of NRF24L01, VCC of DFRobot Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor, and power of 1-Channel Relay.
• D13/SCK: Connected to SCK of NRF24L01.

NRF24L01

• MOSI: Connected to D11/MOSI of Arduino Nano.
• CSN: Connected to D10 of Arduino Nano.
• VCC (3V): Connected to 3V3 of Arduino Nano.
• GND: Connected to GND of Arduino Nano.
• CE: Connected to D9 of Arduino Nano.
• SCK: Connected to D13/SCK of Arduino Nano.
• MISO: Connected to D12/MISO of Arduino Nano.

NPK Soil Sensor (mini)

• VCC: Connected to A5 of Arduino Nano.
• GND: Connected to GND of Arduino Nano.
• A: Connected to A of RS-485 Module.
• B: Connected to B of RS-485 Module.

DS18B20 1-Wire Temperature Sensor Probe Cable

• shield: Connected to D5 of Arduino Nano.
• GND: Connected to GND of Arduino Nano.
• VDD: Connected to 3V3 of Arduino Nano.

RS-485 Module

• VCC: Connected to 5V of Arduino Nano.
• B: Connected to B of NPK Soil Sensor.
• A: Connected to A of NPK Soil Sensor.
• GND: Connected to GND of Arduino Nano.
• RO: Connected to D2 of Arduino Nano.
• RE: Connected to D8 of Arduino Nano.
• DE: Connected to D7 of Arduino Nano.
• DI: Connected to D3 of Arduino Nano.

DFRobot Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor (V1.0)

• A: Connected to A0 of Arduino Nano.
• VCC: Connected to 3V3 of Arduino Nano.
• GND: Connected to GND of Arduino Nano.

ESP32 (30 pin)

• D23: Connected to MOSI of NRF24L01.
• D19: Connected to MISO of NRF24L01.
• D18: Connected to SCK of NRF24L01.
• D5: Connected to CSN of NRF24L01.
• D4: Connected to CE of NRF24L01.
• GND: Connected to GND of NRF24L01.
• 3V3: Connected to VCC (3V) of NRF24L01.

1-Channel Relay (5V 10A)

• signal: Connected to D3 of Arduino Nano.
• ground: Connected to GND of Arduino Nano.
• NO: Connected to 5V of Arduino Nano.
• power: Connected to 3V3 of Arduino Nano.
• C: Connected to positive pin of 5V Mini Water Pump.

5V Mini Water Pump

• positive pin: Connected to C of 1-Channel Relay.
• negative pin: Connected to GND of Arduino Nano.

2x 18650

• vcc: Connected to 5V of Arduino Nano.
• gnd: Connected to GND of Arduino Nano.

Code

Arduino Nano Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Documentation (documentation.txt)

This documentation provides a comprehensive overview of the circuit, including a summary, detailed component list, wiring details, and the code used in the microcontroller.