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Arduino Nano-Based Traffic Light System with 555 Timer and LDR

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Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to control multiple traffic lights using an Arduino Nano microcontroller and a 555 Timer IC. The circuit includes several resistors, ceramic capacitors, and a photocell (LDR) to manage the timing and control of the traffic lights. The Arduino Nano is programmed to control the traffic lights based on the input from the 555 Timer IC and the photocell.

Component List

  1. Traffic Light

    • Pins: Green, Yellow, Red, GND
    • Description: Simulates a traffic light with three LEDs (Green, Yellow, Red).

  2. 555 Timer IC

    • Pins: VCC+, Dis, Th, CV, Rst, Out, Trig, GND
    • Description: Used for generating precise time delays and oscillations.

  3. Resistor

    • Pins: pin1, pin2
    • Description: Limits the current flow in the circuit.
    • Properties:
      • Resistance: 1000 Ohms

  4. Resistor

    • Pins: pin1, pin2
    • Description: Limits the current flow in the circuit.
    • Properties:
      • Resistance: 1000000 Ohms

  5. Resistor

    • Pins: pin1, pin2
    • Description: Limits the current flow in the circuit.
    • Properties:
      • Resistance: 2000 Ohms

  6. Ceramic Capacitor

    • Pins: pin0, pin1
    • Description: Stores electrical energy temporarily.
    • Properties:
      • Capacitance: 1e-7 Farads

  7. Photocell (LDR)

    • Pins: pin 0, pin 1
    • Description: Light-dependent resistor used to detect light levels.

  8. Arduino Nano

    • Pins: D1/TX, D0/RX, RESET, GND, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, D10, D11/MOSI, D12/MISO, VIN, 5V, A7, A6, A5, A4, A3, A2, A1, A0, AREF, 3V3, D13/SCK
    • Description: Microcontroller used to control the traffic lights.

Wiring Details

Traffic Light 1

Traffic Light 2

Traffic Light 3

Traffic Light 4

555 Timer IC

Resistor (1000 Ohms)

Resistor (1000000 Ohms)

Resistor (2000 Ohms)

Ceramic Capacitor

Photocell (LDR)

Arduino Nano

Documented Code

Arduino Nano Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Documentation (documentation.txt)

This documentation provides a comprehensive overview of the circuit, including a summary, component list, wiring details, and the code used for the Arduino Nano microcontroller.