Circuit Documentation

Summary

This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit that includes an Arduino 101 microcontroller, a buzzer, an LCD display, an RFID reader, a real-time clock (RTC) module, a potentiometer, a pushbutton, a DC motor, and a ULN 2003 driver. The circuit is designed to read RFID tags, display information on an LCD, control a motor, and sound a buzzer based on specific conditions. The Arduino 101 is the central controller, interfacing with all other components.

Component List

1. Arduino 101

   • Description: Microcontroller board based on the Intel Curie module.
   • Pins: A5/SCL, A4/SDA, AREF, GND, D13/SCK, D12/MISO, D11 PWM/MOSI, D10 PWM/SS, D9 PWM, D8, D7, D6 PWM, D5 PWM, D4, D3 PWM, D2, D1/TX, D0/RX, AIN, ioref, RESET, 3V3, 5V, VIN, A0, A1, A2, A3, ICSP MISO, ICSP SCK, ICSP MOSI

2. Buzzer

   • Description: An audio signaling device.
   • Pins: PIN, GND

3. LCD Display (16 pin)

   • Description: 16x2 character LCD display.
   • Pins: VSS, VDD, VO, RS, R_W, E, DB0, DB1, DB2, DB3, DB4, DB5, DB6, DB7, A, K

4. RFID-RC522

   • Description: RFID reader module.
   • Pins: VCC (3.3V), RST, GND, IRQ, MISO, MOSI, SCK, SDA

5. RTC Module

   • Description: Real-time clock module.
   • Pins: 32k, SQW, SCL, SDA, VCC, GND

6. Potentiometer

   • Description: Variable resistor.
   • Pins: GND, Output, VCC

7. Pushbutton

   • Description: Momentary pushbutton switch.
   • Pins: Pin 2, Pin 1, Pin 3, Pin 4

8. DC Motor

   • Description: Direct current motor.
   • Pins: pin 1, pin 2

9. ULN 2003

   • Description: High voltage, high current Darlington transistor array.
   • Pins: IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, IN5, IN6, IN7, GND, +, COIL1, COIL2, COIL3, COIL4, COIL5

10. Battery Pack

    • Description: Power supply.
    • Pins: +, -

Wiring Details

Arduino 101

• D10 PWM/SS connected to Buzzer PIN and RFID-RC522 SDA
• GND connected to Pushbutton Pin 2, Buzzer GND, LCD Display VSS, ULN 2003 GND, Potentiometer GND, Battery Pack -, RTC Module GND, RFID-RC522 GND, and RFID-RC522 IRQ
• A5/SCL connected to RTC Module SCL
• D13/SCK connected to RFID-RC522 SCK
• D12/MISO connected to RFID-RC522 MISO
• D11 PWM/MOSI connected to RFID-RC522 MOSI
• D9 PWM connected to LCD Display DB7
• D8 connected to LCD Display DB6
• D7 connected to LCD Display DB5
• D6 PWM connected to LCD Display DB4
• D5 PWM connected to LCD Display E and ULN 2003 IN4
• D4 connected to LCD Display R_W and ULN 2003 IN3
• D3 PWM connected to LCD Display RS and ULN 2003 IN2
• D2 connected to Pushbutton Pin 1, ULN 2003 IN1, and RFID-RC522 RST
• 3V3 connected to RFID-RC522 VCC (3.3V)
• 5V connected to LCD Display VDD, LCD Display A, ULN 2003 +, RTC Module VCC, and Potentiometer VCC
• VIN connected to Battery Pack +
• A4/SDA connected to RTC Module SDA

Buzzer

• PIN connected to Arduino 101 D10 PWM/SS
• GND connected to Arduino 101 GND

LCD Display (16 pin)

• VSS connected to Arduino 101 GND
• VDD connected to Arduino 101 5V
• VO connected to Potentiometer Output
• RS connected to Arduino 101 D3 PWM
• R_W connected to Arduino 101 D4
• E connected to Arduino 101 D5 PWM
• DB4 connected to Arduino 101 D6 PWM
• DB5 connected to Arduino 101 D7
• DB6 connected to Arduino 101 D8
• DB7 connected to Arduino 101 D9 PWM
• A connected to Arduino 101 5V
• K not connected

RFID-RC522

• VCC (3.3V) connected to Arduino 101 3V3
• RST connected to Arduino 101 D2
• GND connected to Arduino 101 GND
• IRQ connected to Arduino 101 GND
• MISO connected to Arduino 101 D12/MISO
• MOSI connected to Arduino 101 D11 PWM/MOSI
• SCK connected to Arduino 101 D13/SCK
• SDA connected to Arduino 101 D10 PWM/SS

RTC Module

• SCL connected to Arduino 101 A5/SCL
• SDA connected to Arduino 101 A4/SDA
• VCC connected to Arduino 101 5V
• GND connected to Arduino 101 GND

Potentiometer

• GND connected to Arduino 101 GND
• Output connected to LCD Display VO
• VCC connected to Arduino 101 5V

Pushbutton

• Pin 2 connected to Arduino 101 GND
• Pin 1 connected to Arduino 101 D2

DC Motor

• pin 1 connected to ULN 2003 COIL1
• pin 2 connected to ULN 2003 COIL2

ULN 2003

• IN1 connected to Arduino 101 D2
• IN2 connected to Arduino 101 D3 PWM
• IN3 connected to Arduino 101 D4
• IN4 connected to Arduino 101 D5 PWM
• GND connected to Arduino 101 GND
• + connected to Arduino 101 5V
• COIL1 connected to DC Motor pin 1
• COIL2 connected to DC Motor pin 2

Battery Pack

• + connected to Arduino 101 VIN
• - connected to Arduino 101 GND

Code Documentation

#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
#include <SPI.h>
#include <MFRC522.h>
#include <RTClib.h>

#define BUZZER_PIN 10
#define RFID_SS_PIN 10
#define RFID_RST_PIN 2
#define MOTOR_PIN 11
#define BUTTON_PIN 2

LiquidCrystal lcd(3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9);
MFRC522 rfid(RFID_SS_PIN, RFID_RST_PIN);
RTC_DS3231 rtc;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  while (!Serial);
  lcd.begin(16, 2);
  lcd.print("Initializing...");
  pinMode(BUZZER_PIN, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(BUZZER_PIN, LOW);
  pinMode(MOTOR_PIN, OUTPUT);
  digitalWrite(MOTOR_PIN, LOW);
  pinMode(BUTTON_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);
  SPI.begin();
  rfid.PCD_Init();
  if (!rtc.begin()) {
    lcd.clear();
    lcd.print("RTC not found!");
    while (1);
  }
  if (rtc.lostPower()) {
    rtc.adjust(DateTime(F(__DATE__), F(__TIME__)));
  }
  lcd.clear();
  lcd.print("