Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to manage power from multiple 18650 batteries, charge them using TP4056 modules, and utilize a solar panel for additional charging. It also includes an Arduino UNO for control and monitoring, an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor for distance measurement, an LCD screen for display, and a 12V single-channel relay for switching.

Component List

Battery 18650

• Description: Rechargeable lithium-ion battery.
• Pins: +, -

TP4056

• Description: Lithium battery charger module.
• Pins: OUT-, B-, B+, OUT+, IN-, IN+

Solar Panel

• Description: Solar panel for generating power.
• Pins: gnd, vcc

Arduino UNO

• Description: Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P.
• Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• Description: Ultrasonic distance sensor.
• Pins: VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND

LCD Screen 16x2 I2C

• Description: 16x2 character LCD display with I2C interface.
• Pins: SCL, SDA, VCC, GND

12V Single Channel Relay

• Description: Relay module for switching high voltage devices.
• Pins: NC, COM, NO, IN, GND, VCC

Micro USB to Cable (2 Pin)

• Description: Micro USB to 2-pin cable for power input.
• Pins: Micro USB, +, -

Wiring Details

Battery 18650

• + Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the + pins of other Battery 18650 components.
  • Connected to the B+ pin of TP4056.

• - Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the - pins of other Battery 18650 components.
  • Connected to the B- pin of TP4056.

TP4056

• B+ Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the + pins of Battery 18650 components.

• B- Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the - pins of Battery 18650 components.

• IN- Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the OUT- pin of another TP4056.
  • Connected to the gnd pin of the Solar Panel.

• IN+ Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the OUT+ pin of another TP4056.
  • Connected to the vcc pin of the Solar Panel.

• OUT- Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the IN- pin of another TP4056.
  • Connected to the - pin of Micro USB to Cable (2 Pin).
  • Connected to the GND pin of Arduino UNO.
  • Connected to the GND pin of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor.
  • Connected to the GND pin of 12V Single Channel Relay.

• OUT+ Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the IN+ pin of another TP4056.
  • Connected to the COM pin of 12V Single Channel Relay.
  • Connected to the Vin pin of Arduino UNO.
  • Connected to the VCC pin of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor.
  • Connected to the VCC pin of 12V Single Channel Relay.

Solar Panel

• gnd Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the IN- pin of TP4056.

• vcc Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the IN+ pin of TP4056.

Arduino UNO

• GND Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the OUT- pin of TP4056.
  • Connected to the GND pin of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor.
  • Connected to the GND pin of LCD Screen 16x2 I2C.
  • Connected to the GND pin of 12V Single Channel Relay.

• Vin Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the OUT+ pin of TP4056.
  • Connected to the VCC pin of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor.
  • Connected to the VCC pin of 12V Single Channel Relay.

• 5V Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the VCC pin of LCD Screen 16x2 I2C.

• SCL Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the SCL pin of LCD Screen 16x2 I2C.

• SDA Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the SDA pin of LCD Screen 16x2 I2C.

• D10 Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the ECHO pin of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor.

• D9 Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the TRIG pin of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor.

• D8 Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the IN pin of 12V Single Channel Relay.

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• GND Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the GND pin of Arduino UNO.
  • Connected to the OUT- pin of TP4056.

• VCC Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the Vin pin of Arduino UNO.
  • Connected to the OUT+ pin of TP4056.

• TRIG Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the D9 pin of Arduino UNO.

• ECHO Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the D10 pin of Arduino UNO.

LCD Screen 16x2 I2C

• SCL Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the SCL pin of Arduino UNO.

• SDA Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the SDA pin of Arduino UNO.

• VCC Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the 5V pin of Arduino UNO.

• GND Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the GND pin of Arduino UNO.

12V Single Channel Relay

• NC Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the + pin of Micro USB to Cable (2 Pin).

• COM Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the OUT+ pin of TP4056.

• NO Pin Connections:

  • Not connected.

• IN Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the D8 pin of Arduino UNO.

• GND Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the GND pin of Arduino UNO.
  • Connected to the OUT- pin of TP4056.

• VCC Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the Vin pin of Arduino UNO.
  • Connected to the OUT+ pin of TP4056.

Micro USB to Cable (2 Pin)

• Micro USB Pin Connections:

  • Not connected.

• + Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the NC pin of 12V Single Channel Relay.

• - Pin Connections:

  • Connected to the OUT- pin of TP4056.

Documented Code

Arduino UNO Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Additional Documentation (documentation.txt)