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ESP32-Based Smart AC Load Monitoring and Control System with LCD Display

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Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to monitor and control an AC load using an ESP32 microcontroller. It includes current and voltage sensors, a relay module for switching the load, and an LCD display for real-time monitoring. The ESP32 reads data from the sensors and displays the current on the LCD. The relay module allows the ESP32 to control the AC load.

Component List

  1. ZMPT101B

    • Description: Voltage sensor module for AC voltage measurement.
    • Pins: OUT, GND, VCC, NEUTRO, FASE

  2. AC Source

    • Description: Provides AC power to the circuit.
    • Pins: +, -

  3. ACS712 Current Sensor 5A 20A 30A

    • Description: Current sensor module for measuring AC current.
    • Pins: 1, 2, GND, OUT, VCC

  4. Relay 4 Channel 5v

    • Description: Relay module for switching AC loads.
    • Pins: GND, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, VCC, COM1, COM2, COM3, COM4, NO1, NO2, NO3, NO4, NC1, NC2, NC3, NC4

  5. AC Bulb

    • Description: AC load to be controlled by the relay.
    • Pins: P, N

  6. ESP32 Devkit V1

    • Description: Microcontroller for processing sensor data and controlling the relay.
    • Pins: 3V3, GND, D15, D2, D4, RX2, TX2, D5, D18, D19, D21, RX0, TX0, D22, D23, EN, VP, VN, D34, D35, D32, D33, D25, D26, D27, D14, D12, D13, VIN

  7. 16x2 I2C LCD

    • Description: LCD display for showing current readings.
    • Pins: GND, VCC, SDA, SCL

Wiring Details

ZMPT101B

AC Source

ACS712 Current Sensor 5A 20A 30A

Relay 4 Channel 5v

AC Bulb

ESP32 Devkit V1

16x2 I2C LCD

Code Documentation

#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>

#define CURRENT_SENSOR_PIN 34 // ADC pin connected to ACS712 output
#define VREF 5           // Reference voltage of ESP32
#define ADC_RESOLUTION 4095.0 // ESP32 ADC resolution
#define SENSITIVITY 0.185     // Sensitivity for ACS712 (185 mV/A for 5A module)

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2); // I2C address 0x27, 16x2 LCD

void setup() {
  lcd.begin(16,2);
  lcd.backlight();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Current Sensor");
  delay(2000);
  lcd.clear();

  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Initializing...");
  delay(1000);
  lcd.clear();
}

void loop() {
  // Read raw analog value
  int rawADC = analogRead(CURRENT_SENSOR_PIN);

  // Convert ADC value to voltage
  float voltage = (rawADC / ADC_RESOLUTION) * VREF;

  // Calculate current in amps
  float current = (voltage - (VREF / 2)) / SENSITIVITY;

  // Display values on the LCD
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Current: ");
  lcd.setCursor(9, 0);
  lcd.print(current, 2); // Display current with 2 decimal places
  lcd.setCursor(14, 0);
  lcd.print("A");

  delay(500); // Update every 500ms
}

This code initializes the LCD and reads the current from the ACS712 sensor. It then calculates the current in amps and displays it on the LCD. The loop updates the display every 500 milliseconds.