Circuit Documentation

Summary

This document provides a detailed overview of a complex circuit involving various sensors, actuators, and microcontrollers. The circuit is designed to monitor environmental conditions, control motors and servos, and communicate data wirelessly. The main components include an Arduino Mega 2560, ESP32-CAM, ESP8266-01, various sensors (temperature, humidity, soil moisture, ultrasonic), motors, servos, and relays. The circuit is powered by a solar panel and a 12V battery managed by a solar charge controller.

Component List

Center Shaft Metal Geared Motor

• Pins: +, -
• Description: A metal geared motor used for driving mechanical components.

GPS NEO 6M

• Pins: VCC, RX, TX, GND
• Description: A GPS module for location tracking.

ESP32-CAM

• Pins: 5V, GND, IO12, IO13, IO15, IO14, IO2, IO4, VOT, VOR, VCC, IO0, IO16, 3V3
• Description: A microcontroller with a built-in camera for image processing.

Mini Diaphragm Water Pump

• Pins: Positive (+), Negative (-)
• Description: A small water pump for irrigation purposes.

Wifi module ESP8266-01

• Pins: RX, GPIO0, GPIO2, GND, +3V3, Reset, CH-PD Chip power down, TX
• Description: A WiFi module for wireless communication.

KY-015 DHT11 Temperature-Humidity Sensor Module

• Pins: VCC, GND, DOUT
• Description: A sensor module for measuring temperature and humidity.

Solar Charge Controller

• Pins: Solar Cell +, Solar Cell -, Battery +, Battery -, Load +, Load -
• Description: A controller for managing solar power and battery charging.

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• Pins: VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND
• Description: An ultrasonic sensor for distance measurement.

Solar Panel

• Pins: +, -
• Description: A solar panel for generating electrical power.

Arduino Mega 2560

• Pins: IOREF, RESET, 3V3, 5V, GND, VIN, A0-A15, D0-D53, AREF, SDA, SCL
• Description: A microcontroller board for controlling various components.

Lcd 20x4 i2c

• Pins: GND, 5V, SCA, SCL
• Description: An LCD display for showing data.

MG90S

• Pins: SIG, VCC, GND
• Description: A servo motor for precise control of mechanical components.

L298N DC Motor Driver

• Pins: OUT1, OUT2, 12V, GND, 5V, OUT3, OUT4, 5V-ENA-JMP-I, 5V-ENA-JMP-O, +5V-J1, +5V-J2, ENA, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, ENB
• Description: A motor driver for controlling DC motors.

12V SINGLE CHANNEL RELAY

• Pins: NC, COM, NO, IN, GND, VCC
• Description: A relay for switching high-power devices.

Universal Barrel Jack Male

• Pins: Power Out, V+, V-
• Description: A barrel jack for power connections.

Soil Sensor

• Pins: VCC, GND, D0, A0
• Description: A sensor for measuring soil moisture.

Photocell (LDR)

• Pins: pin 0, pin 1
• Description: A light-dependent resistor for measuring light intensity.

Servo

• Pins: GND, VCC, PWM
• Description: A servo motor for precise control of mechanical components.

Resistor

• Pins: pin1, pin2
• Description: A resistor with a resistance of 10k Ohms.

12V Battery

• Pins: VCC, GND
• Description: A 12V battery for power storage.

Wiring Details

Center Shaft Metal Geared Motor

• + Pin: Connected to L298N DC motor driver OUT4
• - Pin: Connected to L298N DC motor driver OUT3

GPS NEO 6M

• VCC Pin: Connected to 5V power supply
• RX Pin: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D18/TX1
• TX Pin: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D19/RX1
• GND Pin: Connected to ground

ESP32-CAM

• 5V Pin: Connected to 5V power supply
• GND Pin: Connected to ground
• VOT Pin: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D17 PWM/RX2
• VOR Pin: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D16 PWM/TX2

Mini Diaphragm Water Pump

• Positive (+) Pin: Connected to 12V SINGLE CHANNEL RELAY NO
• Negative (-) Pin: Connected to ground

Wifi module ESP8266-01

• RX Pin: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D14/TX3
• TX Pin: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D15/RX3
• GND Pin: Connected to ground
• +3V3 Pin: Connected to 3.3V power supply
• CH-PD Chip power down Pin: Connected to 3.3V power supply

KY-015 DHT11 Temperature-Humidity Sensor Module

• VCC Pin: Connected to 5V power supply
• GND Pin: Connected to ground
• DOUT Pin: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D43

Solar Charge Controller

• Solar Cell + Pin: Connected to Solar Panel +
• Solar Cell - Pin: Connected to Solar Panel -
• Battery + Pin: Connected to 12V Battery VCC
• Battery - Pin: Connected to 12V Battery GND
• Load + Pin: Connected to 12V SINGLE CHANNEL RELAY NC
• Load - Pin: Connected to Universal Barrel Jack Male V-

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• VCC Pin: Connected to 5V power supply
• GND Pin: Connected to ground
• TRIG Pin: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D27
• ECHO Pin: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 D26

Solar Panel

• + Pin: Connected to Solar Charge Controller Solar Cell +
• - Pin: Connected to Solar Charge Controller Solar Cell -

Arduino Mega 2560

• 5V Pin: Connected to 5V power supply
• GND Pin: Connected to ground
• D18/TX1 Pin: Connected to GPS NEO 6M RX
• D19/RX1 Pin: Connected to GPS NEO 6M TX
• D17 PWM/RX2 Pin: Connected to ESP32-CAM VOT
• D16 PWM/TX2 Pin: Connected to ESP32-CAM VOR
• D14/TX3 Pin: Connected to Wifi module ESP8266-01 RX
• D15/RX3 Pin: Connected to Wifi module ESP8266-01 TX
• D43 Pin: Connected to KY-015 DHT11 Temperature-Humidity Sensor Module DOUT
• D27 Pin: Connected to HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor TRIG
• D26 Pin: Connected to HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor ECHO
• A0 Pin: Connected to Soil Sensor A0
• A2 Pin: Connected to Resistor pin2 and Photocell (LDR) pin 1
• A3 Pin: Connected to Resistor pin2 and Photocell (LDR) pin 1
• A4 Pin: Connected to Resistor pin2 and Photocell (LDR) pin 1
• A5 Pin: Connected to Resistor pin2 and Photocell (LDR) pin 1
• D21/SCL Pin: Connected to Lcd 20x4 i2c SCL
• D20/SDA Pin: Connected to Lcd 20x4 i2c SCA
• D2 PWM Pin: Connected to L298N DC motor driver ENA
• D3 PWM Pin: Connected to L298N DC motor driver IN1
• D4 PWM Pin: Connected to L298N DC motor driver IN2
• D5 PWM Pin: Connected to L298N DC motor driver IN3
• D6 PWM Pin: Connected to L298N DC motor driver IN4
• D7 PWM Pin: Connected to L298N DC motor driver ENB
• D8 PWM Pin: Connected to L298N DC motor driver ENA
• D9 PWM Pin: Connected to L298N DC motor driver IN1
• D10 PWM Pin: Connected to L298N DC motor driver IN2
• D11 PWM Pin: Connected to L298N DC