Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to interface various sensors and actuators with an Arduino UNO microcontroller. The circuit includes input devices such as a rain sensor and an LDR (Light Dependent Resistor), and output devices including servos, an ultrasonic sensor, a relay, and an LED. The Arduino UNO serves as the central processing unit, reading sensor inputs and controlling the output devices based on the programmed logic. The circuit is powered by a 5V battery, and a resistor is used to protect the LED from excessive current.

Component List

Arduino UNO

• Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
• Features digital I/O pins, analog input pins, and power supply pins

Rain Sensor

• Detects rainwater and provides analog and digital outputs

Resistor (220 Ohms)

• Limits current to prevent damage to components such as LEDs

Servos (x3)

• Rotary actuators that can be positioned to specific angular positions using PWM signals

LED: Two Pin (red)

• Emits red light when powered
• Requires current limiting via a resistor

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• Measures distance by emitting ultrasonic waves and timing their return

LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)

• Changes resistance based on the intensity of light it receives

5V Relay

• Electrically operated switch that can control a circuit by a low-power signal

5V Battery

• Provides power to the circuit

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• Digital Pin 9 (D9) connected to Servo pulse pins
• Digital Pin 7 (D7) connected to HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor TRIG pin
• Digital Pin 6 (D6) connected to HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor ECHO pin
• Analog Pin 0 (A0) connected to LDR A0 pin and Rain Sensor AO pin
• Digital Pin 2 (D2) connected to Rain Sensor DO pin
• 5V pin connected to VCC pins of Servo, HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor, Rain Sensor, 5V Relay, and LDR
• GND pin connected to GND pins of Servo, HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor, Rain Sensor, 5V Relay, and Resistor pin1

Rain Sensor

• AO pin connected to Arduino UNO Analog Pin 0 (A0)
• DO pin connected to Arduino UNO Digital Pin 2 (D2)
• VCC pin connected to Arduino UNO 5V pin
• GRD pin connected to common ground

Resistor (220 Ohms)

• Pin1 connected to common ground
• Pin2 connected to LDR GND pin

Servos (x3)

• Pulse pins connected to Arduino UNO Digital Pin 9 (D9)
• VCC pins connected to Arduino UNO 5V pin
• GND pins connected to common ground

LED: Two Pin (red)

• Cathode connected to 5V Relay Normally Open pin
• Anode connected to 5V Battery negative terminal

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• TRIG pin connected to Arduino UNO Digital Pin 7 (D7)
• ECHO pin connected to Arduino UNO Digital Pin 6 (D6)
• VCC pin connected to Arduino UNO 5V pin
• GND pin connected to common ground

LDR (Light Dependent Resistor)

• A0 pin connected to Arduino UNO Analog Pin 0 (A0)
• GND pin connected to Resistor pin2
• VCC pin connected to Arduino UNO 5V pin

5V Relay

• In pin connected to HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor TRIG pin
• VCC pin connected to Arduino UNO 5V pin
• GND pin connected to common ground
• Normally Open pin connected to LED cathode
• Common terminal connected to 5V Battery positive terminal

5V Battery

• Positive terminal connected to 5V Relay Common terminal
• Negative terminal connected to LED anode

Documented Code

Arduino UNO Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Additional Notes (documentation.txt)

No additional code documentation provided.