Circuit Documentation

Summary

This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit that includes an Arduino Nano as the central microcontroller, interfaced with various sensors, modules, and a stepper motor. The circuit is designed to perform multiple functions, which may include sensing, positioning, and wireless communication, as indicated by the presence of a compass module, GPS module, stepper motor, and a SIM module.

Component List

Arduino Nano

• Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
• Pins: D1/TX, D0/RX, RESET, GND, D2-D13, VIN, 5V, A0-A7, AREF, 3V3
• Purpose: Acts as the central processing unit of the circuit, controlling the sensors, modules, and motor.

HMC5883L Compass

• 3-axis digital compass
• Pins: DRDY, SDA, SCL, GND, VCC

Adafruit Gear-Reduced Stepper Motor (Small)

• Stepper motor for precise motion control
• Pins: RED, ORANGE, YELLOW, PINK, BLUE

EE-SY310 Reflective Opto Sensor

• Optical sensor for detecting the presence of objects
• Pins: VCC, OUT, GND

3.7v LiPo Battery

• Lithium Polymer battery for power supply
• Pins: +Ve, GND

Step Up Boost 3v-5v

• Voltage step-up converter
• Pins: Vi, GND, Vo

SIM800L Module

• GSM/GPRS module for cellular communication
• Pins: NFT, RING, VCC, DTR, RST, MIC+, RXD, MIC-, TXD, SPK+, GND, SPK-

Resistor (10k Ohms)

• Passive component used to limit current or divide voltages
• Pins: pin1, pin2
• Resistance: 10,000 Ohms

Resistor (20k Ohms)

• Passive component used to limit current or divide voltages
• Pins: pin1, pin2
• Resistance: 20,000 Ohms

Neo 6M GPS Module

• GPS receiver module for location tracking
• Pins: GND, TX, RX, VCC

ULN2003A Breakout Board

• Darlington transistor array for driving stepper motors
• Pins: In 1-7, 0V, +5V, ON/OFF jumper switch, BLUE wire, PINK wire, YELLOW wire, ORANGE wire, RED wire

Resistor (190 Ohms)

• Passive component used to limit current or divide voltages
• Pins: pin1, pin2
• Resistance: 190 Ohms

AMS1117 Voltage Regulator

• Low dropout voltage regulator
• Pins: Volt Out, GND, Volt In

Wiring Details

Arduino Nano

• D2 connected to SIM800L RING
• D4-D7 connected to ULN2003A In 4-1 respectively
• D8 connected to EE-SY310 OUT
• D9 connected to SIM800L RST
• D10 connected to 10k Ohm Resistor pin1
• D11/MOSI connected to SIM800L TXD
• VIN connected to Step Up Boost Vo
• GND connected to common ground net
• 5V connected to common +5V net
• A3 connected to Neo 6M GPS TX
• A2 connected to Neo 6M GPS RX
• A1 connected to HMC5883L SDA
• A0 connected to HMC5883L SCL

HMC5883L Compass

• SDA connected to Arduino Nano A1
• SCL connected to Arduino Nano A0
• GND connected to common ground net
• VCC connected to common +5V net

Adafruit Gear-Reduced Stepper Motor (Small)

• RED wire connected to ULN2003A RED wire
• ORANGE wire connected to ULN2003A ORANGE wire
• YELLOW wire connected to ULN2003A YELLOW wire
• PINK wire connected to ULN2003A PINK wire
• BLUE wire connected to ULN2003A BLUE wire

EE-SY310 Reflective Opto Sensor

• VCC connected to 190 Ohm Resistor pin1
• OUT connected to Arduino Nano D8
• GND connected to common ground net

3.7v LiPo Battery

• +Ve connected to Step Up Boost Vi
• GND connected to common ground net

Step Up Boost 3v-5v

• Vi connected to 3.7v LiPo +Ve
• GND connected to common ground net
• Vo connected to Arduino Nano VIN

SIM800L Module

• RING connected to Arduino Nano D2
• RST connected to Arduino Nano D9
• TXD connected to Arduino Nano D11/MOSI
• RXD connected to 20k Ohm Resistor pin2 (connected to 10k Ohm Resistor pin2)
• VCC connected to AMS1117 Volt Out
• GND connected to common ground net

Resistor (10k Ohms)

• pin1 connected to Arduino Nano D10
• pin2 connected to common ground net

Resistor (20k Ohms)

• pin1 connected to SIM800L RXD
• pin2 connected to common ground net

Neo 6M GPS Module

• TX connected to Arduino Nano A3
• RX connected to Arduino Nano A2
• GND connected to common ground net
• VCC connected to common +5V net

ULN2003A Breakout Board

• In 1-4 connected to Arduino Nano D7-D4 respectively
• 0V connected to common ground net
• +5V connected to common +5V net
• RED wire to Stepper Motor RED
• ORANGE wire to Stepper Motor ORANGE
• YELLOW wire to Stepper Motor YELLOW
• PINK wire to Stepper Motor PINK
• BLUE wire to Stepper Motor BLUE

Resistor (190 Ohms)

• pin1 connected to EE-SY310 VCC
• pin2 connected to common +5V net

AMS1117 Voltage Regulator

• Volt Out connected to SIM800L VCC
• GND connected to common ground net
• Volt In connected to common +5V net

Documented Code

Arduino Nano Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Note: The provided code for the Arduino Nano is a template with empty setup and loop functions. The actual functionality needs to be implemented based on the specific requirements of the circuit.