Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to control multiple DC motors, flame sensors, IR sensors, a micro servo, and a mini diaphragm water pump using an ESP32 microcontroller. The circuit also includes a relay module, a trimmer potentiometer, a 7805 voltage regulator, and a 3S 10A Li-ion 18650 Charger Protection Board Module. The power supply is provided by a 12V battery and multiple 18650 Li-ion batteries.

Component List

1. DC Motor

   • Pins: pin 1, pin 2
   • Description: A motor that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
   • Purpose: Used to drive mechanical components.

2. Flame Sensor

   • Pins: VCC, GND, D0, A0
   • Description: A sensor that detects the presence of flame.
   • Purpose: Used to detect fire or flame.

3. Trimmer Potentiometer

   • Pins: leg1, wiper, leg2
   • Description: A variable resistor used to adjust voltage.
   • Purpose: Used to fine-tune the voltage in the circuit.
   • Properties: Resistance: 10000 Ohms

4. IR Sensor

   • Pins: out, gnd, vcc
   • Description: An infrared sensor used to detect objects.
   • Purpose: Used for object detection.

5. L298N DC Motor Driver

   • Pins: OUT1, OUT2, 12V, GND, 5V, OUT3, OUT4, 5V-ENA-JMP-I, 5V-ENA-JMP-O, +5V-J1, +5V-J2, ENA, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, ENB
   • Description: A dual H-bridge motor driver.
   • Purpose: Used to control the speed and direction of DC motors.

6. 7805 Voltage Regulator

   • Pins: Vin, Gnd, Vout
   • Description: A voltage regulator that outputs a constant 5V.
   • Purpose: Used to provide a stable 5V power supply.

7. ESP32 (30 pin)

   • Pins: EN, VP, VN, D34, D35, D32, D33, D25, D26, D27, D14, D12, D13, GND, Vin, D23, D22, TX0, RX0, D21, D19, D18, D5, TX2, RX2, D4, D2, D15, 3V3
   • Description: A microcontroller with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities.
   • Purpose: Used to control the entire circuit.

8. Relay Module 5V-30V

   • Pins: common contact, normally open, normally closed, trigger, V-, V+
   • Description: An electrically operated switch.
   • Purpose: Used to control high voltage devices.

9. Mini Diaphragm Water Pump

   • Pins: Positive (+), Negative (-)
   • Description: A small water pump.
   • Purpose: Used to pump water.

10. 18650 Li-ion Battery

    • Pins: -, +
    • Description: A rechargeable lithium-ion battery.
    • Purpose: Used to provide power to the circuit.

11. 3S 10A Li-ion 18650 Charger Protection Board Module

    • Pins: B+, B2, B1, P-, P+, B-
    • Description: A protection board for charging 18650 Li-ion batteries.
    • Purpose: Used to protect and charge the batteries.

12. 12V Battery

    • Pins: -, +
    • Description: A 12V battery.
    • Purpose: Used to provide power to the circuit.

13. Micro Servo 9G

    • Pins: GND, +5V, PWM
    • Description: A small servo motor.
    • Purpose: Used for precise control of angular position.

Wiring Details

DC Motor

• pin 1 connected to L298N DC motor driver OUT2
• pin 2 connected to L298N DC motor driver OUT1

DC Motor

• pin 1 connected to L298N DC motor driver OUT4
• pin 2 connected to L298N DC motor driver OUT3

Flame Sensor

• VCC connected to Trimmer Potentiometer wiper
• GND connected to Common Ground
• A0 connected to ESP32 D13

Flame Sensor

• VCC connected to Trimmer Potentiometer wiper
• GND connected to Common Ground
• A0 connected to ESP32 D12

Flame Sensor

• VCC connected to Trimmer Potentiometer wiper
• GND connected to Common Ground
• A0 connected to ESP32 D14

Flame Sensor

• VCC connected to Trimmer Potentiometer wiper
• GND connected to Common Ground
• A0 connected to ESP32 D27

Flame Sensor

• VCC connected to Trimmer Potentiometer wiper
• GND connected to Common Ground
• A0 connected to ESP32 D25

Flame Sensor

• VCC connected to Trimmer Potentiometer wiper
• GND connected to Common Ground
• A0 connected to ESP32 D26

Flame Sensor

• VCC connected to Trimmer Potentiometer wiper
• GND connected to Common Ground
• A0 connected to ESP32 D35

Trimmer Potentiometer

• leg1 connected to Relay module 5v-30v V-
• leg2 connected to Relay module 5v-30v common contact
• wiper connected to Flame Sensor VCC

IR Sensor

• vcc connected to Common 12V
• gnd connected to Common Ground
• out connected to ESP32 D34

IR Sensor

• vcc connected to Common 12V
• gnd connected to Common Ground
• out connected to ESP32 D32

IR Sensor

• vcc connected to Common 12V
• gnd connected to Common Ground
• out connected to ESP32 D33

IR Sensor

• vcc connected to Common 12V
• gnd connected to Common Ground
• out connected to ESP32 D35

L298N DC Motor Driver

• OUT1 connected to DC Motor pin 2
• OUT2 connected to DC Motor pin 1
• OUT3 connected to DC Motor pin 2
• OUT4 connected to DC Motor pin 1
• 12V connected to Common 12V
• GND connected to Common Ground
• 5V connected to Common 5V
• IN1 connected to ESP32 D21
• IN2 connected to ESP32 D19
• IN3 connected to ESP32 D18
• IN4 connected to ESP32 D5

7805 Voltage Regulator

• Vin connected to Common 12V
• Gnd connected to Common Ground
• Vout connected to Common 5V

ESP32 (30 pin)

• Vin connected to Common 12V
• GND connected to Common Ground
• D21 connected to L298N DC motor driver IN1
• D19 connected to L298N DC motor driver IN2
• D18 connected to L298N DC motor driver IN3
• D5 connected to L298N DC motor driver IN4
• D34 connected to IR Sensor out
• D35 connected to IR Sensor out
• D32 connected to IR Sensor out
• D33 connected to IR Sensor out
• D25 connected to Flame Sensor A0
• D26 connected to Flame Sensor A0
• D27 connected to Flame Sensor A0
• D14 connected to Flame Sensor A0
• D12 connected to Flame Sensor A0
• D13 connected to Flame Sensor A0
• D4 connected to Micro servo 9G PWM
• D15 connected to Relay module 5v-30v trigger

Relay Module 5V-30V

• common contact connected to Trimmer Potentiometer leg2
• normally open connected to Mini Diaphragm Water Pump Positive (+)
• V- connected to Trimmer Potentiometer leg1
• V+ connected to Common 12V
• trigger connected to **