Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to control a card counting system using an Arduino UNO microcontroller. The system includes an IR sensor to detect cards, an LCD to display the count, pushbuttons for control, and a motor driver to move the cards. The circuit is powered by a 12V battery.

Component List

1. Arduino UNO

   • Description: Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P.
   • Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0

2. IR Sensor

   • Description: Infrared sensor for detecting objects.
   • Pins: out, gnd, vcc

3. 16x2 I2C LCD

   • Description: 16x2 character LCD with I2C interface.
   • Pins: GND, VCC, SDA, SCL

4. L298N DC Motor Driver

   • Description: Dual H-Bridge motor driver for controlling DC motors.
   • Pins: OUT1, OUT2, 12V, GND, 5V, OUT3, OUT4, 5V-ENA-JMP-I, 5V-ENA-JMP-O, +5V-J1, +5V-J2, ENA, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, ENB

5. Motor and Wheels

   • Description: DC motor with attached wheels.
   • Pins: vcc, GND

6. Pushbutton

   • Description: Momentary pushbutton switch.
   • Pins: Pin 2, Pin 1, Pin 3, Pin 4

7. Battery 12V

   • Description: 12V battery for powering the circuit.
   • Pins: +, -

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• 5V connected to:

  • IR Sensor (vcc)
  • 16x2 I2C LCD (VCC)

• GND connected to:

  • 16x2 I2C LCD (GND)
  • IR Sensor (gnd)
  • Battery 12V (-)
  • L298N DC Motor Driver (GND)

• Vin connected to:

  • L298N DC Motor Driver (5V)

• A4 connected to:

  • 16x2 I2C LCD (SDA)

• A5 connected to:

  • 16x2 I2C LCD (SCL)

• D10 connected to:

  • L298N DC Motor Driver (IN1)

• D9 connected to:

  • L298N DC Motor Driver (IN2)

• D8 connected to:

  • L298N DC Motor Driver (IN3)

• D7 connected to:

  • L298N DC Motor Driver (IN4)

• D5 connected to:

  • Pushbutton (Pin 1)

• D4 connected to:

  • Pushbutton (Pin 1)

• D3 connected to:

  • Pushbutton (Pin 1)

• D2 connected to:

  • IR Sensor (out)

IR Sensor

• vcc connected to:

  • Arduino UNO (5V)

• gnd connected to:

  • Arduino UNO (GND)

• out connected to:

  • Arduino UNO (D2)

16x2 I2C LCD

• VCC connected to:

  • Arduino UNO (5V)

• GND connected to:

  • Arduino UNO (GND)

• SDA connected to:

  • Arduino UNO (A4)

• SCL connected to:

  • Arduino UNO (A5)

L298N DC Motor Driver

• 5V connected to:

  • Arduino UNO (Vin)

• GND connected to:

  • Arduino UNO (GND)
  • Battery 12V (-)

• IN1 connected to:

  • Arduino UNO (D10)

• IN2 connected to:

  • Arduino UNO (D9)

• IN3 connected to:

  • Arduino UNO (D8)

• IN4 connected to:

  • Arduino UNO (D7)

• OUT1 connected to:

  • Motor and Wheels (vcc)

• OUT2 connected to:

  • Motor and Wheels (GND)

• OUT3 connected to:

  • Motor and Wheels (GND)

• OUT4 connected to:

  • Motor and Wheels (vcc)

• 12V connected to:

  • Battery 12V (+)

Motor and Wheels

• vcc connected to:

  • L298N DC Motor Driver (OUT1)
  • L298N DC Motor Driver (OUT4)

• GND connected to:

  • L298N DC Motor Driver (OUT2)
  • L298N DC Motor Driver (OUT3)

Pushbutton

• Pin 1 connected to:
  • Arduino UNO (D5)
  • Arduino UNO (D4)
  • Arduino UNO (D3)

Battery 12V

• + connected to:

  • L298N DC Motor Driver (12V)

• - connected to:

  • Arduino UNO (GND)
  • L298N DC Motor Driver (GND)

Code Documentation

#include <Scheduler.h>
#include <HardWire.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>

const int onOffButtonPin = 3;
const int startStopButtonPin = 4;
const int resetButtonPin = 5;
const int irSensorPin = 2;

const int motor1Pin1 = 10;
const int motor1Pin2 = 9;
const int motor2Pin1 = 8;
const int motor2Pin2 = 7;

bool isOn = false;
bool isRunning = false;
int cardCount = 0;

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);

void setup() {
  pinMode(onOffButtonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(startStopButtonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(resetButtonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(irSensorPin, INPUT);

  pinMode(motor1Pin1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor1Pin2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor2Pin1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(motor2Pin2, OUTPUT);

  lcd.init();
  lcd.backlight();
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
  lcd.print("Card Counter");
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
  lcd.print("Count: 0");

  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  if (digitalRead(onOffButtonPin) == LOW) {
    delay(50); // Debounce delay
    if (digitalRead(onOffButtonPin) == LOW) {
      isOn = !isOn;
      Serial.println(isOn ? "System On" : "System Off");
      while (digitalRead(onOffButtonPin) == LOW); // Wait for button release
    }
  }

  if (digitalRead(startStopButtonPin) == LOW) {
    delay(50); // Debounce delay
    if (digitalRead(startStopButtonPin) == LOW) {
      if (isOn) {
        isRunning = !isRunning;
        Serial.println(isRunning ? "System Running" : "System Stopped");
      }
      while (digitalRead(startStopButtonPin) == LOW); // Wait for button release
    }
  }

  if (digitalRead(resetButtonPin) == LOW) {
    delay(50); // Debounce delay
    if (digitalRead(resetButtonPin) == LOW) {
      if (isOn) {
        cardCount = 0;
        lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
        lcd.print("Count: ");
        lcd.print(cardCount);
        Serial.println("System Reset");
      }
      while (digitalRead(resetButtonPin) == LOW); // Wait for button release
    }
  }

  if (isOn && isRunning) {
    moveCard();
    if (digitalRead(irSensorPin) == LOW) {
      cardCount++;
      lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
      lcd.print("Count: ");
      lcd.print(cardCount);
      delay(500); // Debounce delay for IR sensor
    }
  }
}

void moveCard() {
  // Move card with Motor 1
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);
  delay(500); // Adjust delay as needed to move one card

  // Stop Motor 1
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin1, LOW);
  digitalWrite(motor1Pin2, LOW);

  // Move card with Motor 2
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin1, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(motor2Pin2, LOW);
  delay(500); // Adjust delay as needed to move one card

  // Stop