Arduino Nano Controlled Ultrasonic Sensor with Servo Motors

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Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit integrates an Arduino Nano microcontroller with an HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor and three SG90 Servomotors. The circuit is powered by a 9V battery, which is regulated to a suitable voltage for the microcontroller and peripherals by a voltage regulator. The Arduino Nano is responsible for controlling the servomotors based on the input from the ultrasonic sensor.

Component List

Arduino Nano

Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
It has a variety of digital and analog I/O pins
Used as the main controller for the circuit

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

Ultrasonic distance measuring module
Provides 2cm to 400cm non-contact measurement functionality
Connected to the Arduino for distance sensing

Servomotor SG90 (3 units)

Small and lightweight servo motor
Capable of precise control
Used for actuation in the circuit

Voltage Regulator

Regulates the input voltage to a stable output voltage
Ensures that the components receive the correct operating voltage

Battery 9V

Provides the power source for the circuit
Connected to the voltage regulator

Wiring Details

Arduino Nano

GND connected to the ground net of the circuit
D2 connected to the signal pin of the first SG90 Servomotor
D3 connected to the signal pin of the second SG90 Servomotor
D4 connected to the signal pin of the third SG90 Servomotor
D8 connected to the TRIG pin of the HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
D9 connected to the ECHO pin of the HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
5V connected to the 5V net of the circuit

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

VCC connected to the 5V net of the circuit
TRIG connected to the D8 pin of the Arduino Nano
ECHO connected to the D9 pin of the Arduino Nano
GND connected to the ground net of the circuit

Servomotor SG90

SIG (for each servomotor) connected to the respective D2, D3, and D4 pins of the Arduino Nano
VCC (for each servomotor) connected to the 5V net of the circuit
GND (for each servomotor) connected to the ground net of the circuit

Voltage Regulator

IN connected to the VCC pin of the 9V Battery
OUT connected to the 5V net of the circuit
GND connected to the ground net of the circuit

Battery 9V

VCC connected to the IN pin of the Voltage Regulator
GND connected to the ground net of the circuit

Documented Code

Arduino Nano - sketch.ino

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Note: The code provided for the Arduino Nano is a template and does not contain any functional code. It is expected that the user will fill in the setup and loop functions with the necessary logic to control the servomotors based on the input from the ultrasonic sensor.