Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed for an egg incubation system using an Arduino UNO as the main controller. It features a DHT22 sensor for temperature measurement, a 5V relay to control a heating element (AC Bulb), a stepper motor for egg rotation, an LCD display for user interface, and pushbuttons for manual control. The system aims to maintain a set temperature for egg incubation, display the current temperature and heater status, and periodically rotate the eggs using the stepper motor.

Component List

DHT22 Temperature and Humidity Sensor

• Pins: +, Out, -
• Description: Measures the ambient temperature and humidity.

5V Relay

• Pins: Normally Open, Common terminal, Normally Closed, In, GND, VCC
• Description: Electromechanical switch used to control the AC Bulb for heating.

LCD 16x2 (Wokwi Compatible)

• Pins: VSS, VDD, V0, RS, RW, E, D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, A, K
• Description: Displays the temperature and heater status.

LCM1602 IIC

• Pins: GND, VCC, SDA, SCL, D6, D7, A, K, VSS, VDD, V0, RS, D2, D3, D4, D5, RW, E, D0, D1, LED_A, LED_B
• Description: I2C interface for the LCD display.

Pushbutton

• Pins: Pin 2, Pin 1, Pin 3, Pin 4
• Description: User input for manual control of the system.

Resistor

• Pins: pin1, pin2
• Description: Current limiting and pull-up/down applications.
• Properties: Various resistance values.

AC Bulb

• Pins: P, N
• Description: Acts as the heating element in the incubation system.

POWER SUPPLY 12V 5AMP

• Pins: 220V Positive Pole (AC), 220V Negative Pole (AC), GND, GND (DC), 12V-24V Output (DC)
• Description: Provides power to the circuit.

120mm Fan 12V

• Pins: 12V+, GND
• Description: Provides air circulation within the incubator.

Arduino UNO

• Pins: Various digital and analog pins, power, and ground.
• Description: Microcontroller board that controls the system.

Stepper Motor (Bipolar)

• Pins: D, B, C, A
• Description: Rotates the eggs at set intervals.

A4988 Stepper Motor Driver Carrier

• Pins: ENABLE, MS1, MS2, MS3, RESET, SLEEP, STEP, DIR, GND, VCC, 1B, 1A, 2A, 2B, VMOT
• Description: Drives the stepper motor.

Potentiometer

• Pins: GND, Output, VCC
• Description: Allows user to adjust the speed of the stepper motor.

Electrolytic Capacitor

• Pins: -, +
• Description: Stabilizes the voltage supply to the stepper motor driver.

12V Power Supply

• Pins: +, -
• Description: Provides 12V power to the stepper motor driver and fan.

Wiring Details

DHT22 Temperature and Humidity Sensor

• + to 5V supply
• Out to Arduino UNO pin D5
• - to GND

5V Relay

• In to Arduino UNO pin D6
• VCC to 5V supply
• GND to GND
• Common terminal to 220V Positive Pole (AC) from POWER SUPPLY 12V 5AMP
• Normally Open to AC Bulb P pin

LCD 16x2 (Wokwi Compatible)

• Connected via LCM1602 IIC interface

LCM1602 IIC

• GND to GND
• VCC to 5V supply
• SDA to Arduino UNO pin A4
• SCL to Arduino UNO pin A5
• Other pins connected to corresponding pins on LCD 16x2

Pushbuttons

• One side to Arduino UNO pins D2, D3, and D4 (for different buttons)
• Other side to GND through 200 Ohm resistors

Resistor

• Various resistors used for pull-up/down and current limiting

AC Bulb

• N to 220V Negative Pole (AC) from POWER SUPPLY 12V 5AMP

POWER SUPPLY 12V 5AMP

• Provides AC power to the relay and AC Bulb
• Provides DC power to the 120mm Fan 12V

120mm Fan 12V

• 12V+ to 220V Negative Pole (AC) from POWER SUPPLY 12V 5AMP
• GND to GND

Arduino UNO

• Various connections to sensors, actuators, and power supply

Stepper Motor (Bipolar)

• Connected to A4988 Stepper Motor Driver Carrier

A4988 Stepper Motor Driver Carrier

• VCC to 5V supply
• GND to GND
• STEP to Arduino UNO pin D9
• DIR to Arduino UNO pin D8
• 1A, 1B, 2A, 2B to corresponding pins on Stepper Motor (Bipolar)
• VMOT to 12V supply
• GND to GND of 12V supply
• RESET connected to SLEEP

Potentiometer

• GND to GND
• Output to Arduino UNO pin A1
• VCC to 5V supply

Electrolytic Capacitor

• + to VMOT of A4988 Stepper Motor Driver Carrier
• - to GND of 12V supply

12V Power Supply

• Provides power to the A4988 Stepper Motor Driver Carrier and the electrolytic capacitor

Documented Code

/*
 * Projek Penetasan Telur Puyuh Menggunakan Arduino
 *
 * Deskripsi:
 * - Menggunakan DHT22 untuk membaca suhu
 * - Menggunakan LCD 16x2 untuk menampilkan suhu dan status pemanas
 * - Menggunakan relay untuk mengontrol pemanas
 * - Menggunakan stepper motor untuk memutar telur
 * - Menggunakan potentiometer untuk mengatur kecepatan stepper motor
 * - Menggunakan pushbutton untuk menambah/mengurangi suhu target dan
 *   menghidupkan/mematikan pemanas secara manual
 */

#include <Stepper.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
#include <DHT.h>

#define STEPS 200 // Jumlah langkah stepper motor
#define DHTPIN 5  // Pin DHT22
#define DHTTYPE DHT22

// Inisialisasi Stepper Motor
Stepper stepperMotor(STEPS, 8, 9);

// Inisialisasi LCD
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);

// Inisialisasi DHT22
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);

int suhuSet = 37; // Suhu target
bool pemanasOn = false;

// Pin pushbutton
const int buttonTambahPin = 2;
const int buttonKurangPin = 3;
const int buttonPemanasPin = 4;
const int relayPin = 6; // Relay untuk pemanas
const int potPin = A1; // Potentiometer pin

// Debounce variables
unsigned long lastDebounceTimeTambah = 0;
unsigned long lastDebounceTimeKurang = 0;
unsigned long lastDebounceTimePemanas = 0;
unsigned long debounceDelay = 50;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(buttonTambahPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(buttonKurangPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(buttonPemanasPin, INPUT);
  pinMode(relayPin, OUTPUT);
  stepperMotor.setSpeed(10); // Initial speed
  lcd.begin(16, 2); // Initialize the LCD with 16 columns and 2 rows
  lcd.backlight();
  dht.begin();
  Serial.println("Setup complete");
}

void loop() {
  //