Arduino UNO Controlled Servo System with Environmental Sensing
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Circuit Documentation
Summary
This circuit is designed around an Arduino UNO microcontroller, which serves as the central processing unit. The circuit includes various components such as servo motors, sensors, a joystick module, an LED with a resistor, a buck converter, and a 12V battery. The Arduino UNO controls and interfaces with these components, receiving sensor inputs and driving actuators like servos and LEDs. The circuit is powered by a 12V battery, which is stepped down to a lower voltage using a buck converter to power the 5V and 3.3V components.
Component List
Arduino UNO
- Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
- It has 14 digital input/output pins, 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.
Servo Motors
- Three generic servo components with control pulse, positive supply, and ground connections.
- One specific servo motor with signal, power, and ground connections.
LED: Two Pin (red)
- A basic red LED with an anode and cathode.
KY-023 Dual Axis Joystick Module
- A joystick module with ground, +5V, two variable resistors for X and Y axes, and a switch.
Resistor
- A single resistor with a resistance of 200 Ohms.
Buck Converter
- A device that converts a higher input voltage to a lower output voltage.
- It has input positive (IN+), input negative (IN-), output positive (OUT+), and output negative (OUT-).
12V Battery
- A power source with a voltage supply (VCC) and ground (GND).
Module LDR
- A light-dependent resistor module with a digital output (DO), analog output (AO), voltage supply (VCC), and ground (GND).
Altitude/Pressure Sensor - MPL3115A2 Breakout
- A sensor for measuring altitude and pressure with SDA, SCL, two interrupt outputs (INT1, INT2), voltage supply (VCC), and ground (GND).
RGB Colour Sensor
- A sensor for detecting color with S0-S3 control pins, output (OUT), voltage supply (Vcc), ground (GND), output enable (OE), and LED control.
IR Sensor
- An infrared sensor with an output (out), ground (gnd), and voltage supply (vcc).
Wiring Details
Arduino UNO
- Ground (GND) connected to the ground of all components.
- 5V output connected to the positive supply of servo motors, sensors, and the joystick module.
- 3.3V output connected to the VCC of the Altitude/Pressure Sensor.
- Analog pins A0, A1, and A2 connected to the analog outputs of the Module LDR and the joystick module.
- I2C pins A4 (SDA) and A5 (SCL) connected to the Altitude/Pressure Sensor.
- Digital pins D2 to D12 connected to various components for control and data acquisition.
Servo Motors
- All servos connected to a common ground and 5V supply from the Arduino UNO.
- Control pulses provided by digital pins D2, D3, and D4 of the Arduino UNO.
LED: Two Pin (red)
- Cathode connected to the ground.
- Anode connected to one end of the resistor, whose other end is connected to digital pin D6 of the Arduino UNO.
KY-023 Dual Axis Joystick Module
- Ground and +5V connected to the Arduino UNO.
- VRx and VRy connected to analog pins A1 and A2 of the Arduino UNO.
Resistor
- Connected in series with the LED and digital pin D6 of the Arduino UNO.
Buck Converter
- Input connected to the 12V battery.
- Output provides a regulated voltage to the Arduino UNO and other 5V components.
12V Battery
- Provides power to the buck converter.
Module LDR
- VCC and GND connected to the Arduino UNO.
- AO connected to analog pin A0 of the Arduino UNO.
Altitude/Pressure Sensor - MPL3115A2 Breakout
- VCC connected to the 3.3V output of the Arduino UNO.
- GND connected to the ground.
- SDA and SCL connected to the I2C pins A4 and A5 of the Arduino UNO.
RGB Colour Sensor
- Vcc and GND connected to the Arduino UNO.
- S0 to S3 control pins connected to digital pins D8 to D11 of the Arduino UNO.
- OUT connected to digital pin D12 of the Arduino UNO.
IR Sensor
- Vcc and gnd connected to the Arduino UNO.
- Out connected to digital pin D7 of the Arduino UNO.
Documented Code
Arduino UNO Code (sketch.ino)
void setup() {
// put your setup code here, to run once:
}
void loop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
}
Note: The provided code is a template and does not contain any functional code. It needs to be populated with setup and loop functions to control the components as per the circuit design.