Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to interface with various sensors and actuators using an Arduino UNO microcontroller. The circuit includes light and humidity sensors, water level sensors, a Real-Time Clock (RTC) module, buzzer modules, relays for controlling a water pump and an AC bulb, and a 240V power source for the high-voltage components. The Arduino UNO reads sensor data and controls the actuators based on programmed logic.

Component List

Microcontroller

• Arduino UNO: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P. It has 14 digital input/output pins, 6 analog inputs, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.

Sensors

• Water Level Sensor: Measures the level of water in a container.
• Humidity Sensor (YL-69): Measures the moisture content in the soil.
• Light Sensor (LDR LM393): Measures the intensity of light.

Actuators

• Water Pump: An electric pump used for moving water.
• AC Bulb: A standard bulb that operates on 240V AC power.

Modules

• RTC (Real-Time Clock): Keeps track of the current time and date.
• Buzzer Module: Emits an audible alert or tone when activated.
• 1-Channel Relay (5V 10A): An electrically operated switch that allows the Arduino to control higher power devices.

Power Sources

• 240V Power Source: Provides AC power to the high-voltage components of the circuit.

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• A0: Connected to the A0 pin of the Light Sensor (LDR LM393).
• D0: Connected to the D0 pin of the Light Sensor (LDR LM393).
• D1: Connected to the D0 pin of the Humidity Sensor (YL-69).
• D2: Connected to the A0 pin of the Humidity Sensor (YL-69).
• D3: Connected to the DAT pin of the RTC module.
• D4: Connected to the CLK pin of the RTC module.
• D9: Connected to the SIG pin of one Water Level Sensor.
• D10: Connected to the SIG pin of the other Water Level Sensor.
• D11: Connected to the signal pin of one 1-Channel Relay.
• D12: Connected to the signal pin of another 1-Channel Relay.
• D13: Connected to the signal pin of the third 1-Channel Relay.
• 5V: Powers the Humidity Sensor, RTC, both Water Level Sensors, and all Buzzer Modules.
• GND: Common ground for the Humidity Sensor, RTC, both Water Level Sensors, and all Buzzer Modules.

Water Level Sensors

• SIG: Signal pin connected to the Arduino UNO (D9 or D10).
• VCC: Power supply (5V from Arduino UNO).
• GND: Ground (connected to Arduino UNO GND).

Humidity Sensor (YL-69)

• A0: Analog output connected to Arduino UNO D2.
• D0: Digital output connected to Arduino UNO D1.
• VCC: Power supply (5V from Arduino UNO).
• GND: Ground (connected to Arduino UNO GND).

Light Sensor (LDR LM393)

• A0: Analog output connected to Arduino UNO A0.
• D0: Digital output connected to Arduino UNO D0.
• VCC: Power supply (5V from Arduino UNO).
• GND: Ground (connected to Arduino UNO GND).

RTC Module

• VCC: Power supply (5V from Arduino UNO).
• GND: Ground (connected to Arduino UNO GND).
• CLK: Clock pin connected to Arduino UNO D4.
• DAT: Data pin connected to Arduino UNO D3.
• RST: Not connected in this circuit.

Buzzer Modules

• Vcc: Power supply (5V from Arduino UNO).
• GND: Ground (connected to Arduino UNO GND).
• I/O: Input/output pin not detailed in the provided wiring.

1-Channel Relays

• signal: Control signal from Arduino UNO (D11, D12, or D13).
• power: Power supply (5V from Arduino UNO).
• ground: Ground (connected to Arduino UNO GND).
• NO: Normally open contact connected to the positive terminal of the water pump or the AC Bulb.
• C: Common contact connected to the 240V Power Source Live wire.
• NC: Normally closed contact not detailed in the provided wiring.

Water Pumps

• positive: Connected to the NO contact of the corresponding 1-Channel Relay.
• negative: Connected to the Neutral wire of the 240V Power Source.

AC Bulb

• P: Connected to the NO contact of the corresponding 1-Channel Relay.
• N: Connected to the Neutral wire of the 240V Power Source.

240V Power Source

• Live: Connected to the C contact of all 1-Channel Relays.
• Neutral: Common neutral for the water pumps and the AC Bulb.

Documented Code

Arduino UNO Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

The provided code for the Arduino UNO is a template with empty setup() and loop() functions. The actual logic for reading sensors and controlling actuators should be implemented within these functions based on the specific requirements of the circuit's operation.