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Arduino UNO Based Ultrasonic Distance Measurement System

Image of Arduino UNO Based Ultrasonic Distance Measurement System

Circuit Documentation

Summary of the Circuit

This circuit consists of an Arduino UNO microcontroller board interfaced with an HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor. The Arduino UNO is responsible for controlling the sensor and processing the distance measurements. The HC-SR04 sensor is used to measure distances by emitting ultrasonic waves and measuring the time it takes for the echo to return.

Component List

Arduino UNO

  • Description: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P.
  • Purpose: Acts as the central processing unit for the circuit, controlling the HC-SR04 sensor and processing its data.
  • Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0-A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D0-D13.

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

  • Description: An ultrasonic distance sensor capable of measuring distances from 2cm to 400cm.
  • Purpose: To measure the distance to an object by emitting ultrasonic pulses and detecting the reflected signal.
  • Pins: VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND.

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

  • 5V connected to HC-SR04 VCC.
  • GND connected to HC-SR04 GND.
  • D13 connected to HC-SR04 ECHO.
  • D12 connected to HC-SR04 TRIG.

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

  • VCC connected to Arduino UNO 5V.
  • GND connected to Arduino UNO GND.
  • ECHO connected to Arduino UNO D13.
  • TRIG connected to Arduino UNO D12.

Documented Code

Arduino UNO Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Additional Notes

  • The provided code is a template and does not contain any functionality. It needs to be populated with the setup and loop functions to initialize the sensor and read the distance measurements.
  • The setup() function should initialize the sensor's TRIG and ECHO pins.
  • The loop() function should handle the timing of the ultrasonic pulses and calculate the distance from the duration of the received echo.
  • The code should include error handling to manage cases where no echo is received within a certain time frame, indicating that the distance is out of range or that there is an issue with the sensor.