Circuit Documentation
Summary
This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit that includes an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller, various sensors (ultrasonic, infrared, temperature, and gas), a GPS module, a Bluetooth module, and power management components. The circuit is designed to interface with multiple sensors and modules to collect and transmit data.
Component List
Arduino Mega 2560
- Description: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560.
- Pins: IOREF, RESET, 3V3, 5V, GND, VIN, A0-A15, D0-D53, AREF, SDA, SCL
2.1mm Barrel Jack with Terminal Block
- Description: A power connector for supplying voltage to the circuit.
- Pins: POS, NEG
HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
- Description: A sensor used to measure distance using ultrasonic waves.
- Pins: VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND
MPU-6050
- Description: A 6-axis motion tracking device.
- Pins: VCC, GND, SCL, SDA, XDA, XCL, AD0, INT
DHT11
- Description: A temperature and humidity sensor.
- Pins: DATA, GND, VCC
GPS NEO 6M
- Description: A GPS module for location tracking.
- Pins: VCC, RX, TX, GND
HC-06
- Description: A Bluetooth module for wireless communication.
- Pins: RXD, TXD, GND, VCC
Resistors
- Description: Various resistors used for current limiting and voltage division.
- Pins: pin1, pin2
- Properties:
- 4700 Ohms
- 10000 Ohms
- 2000 Ohms
- 1000 Ohms
Electrolytic Capacitor
- Description: A capacitor used for filtering and smoothing voltage.
- Pins: -, +
- Properties:
- Capacitance: 0.00001 Farads
18650 Li-ion Battery x 2
- Description: Rechargeable lithium-ion batteries.
- Pins: +, -
KY-032 Infrared Obstacle Avoidance Sensor Module
- Description: A sensor used to detect obstacles using infrared light.
- Pins: GND, Vcc, Out, EN
MQ135
- Description: A gas sensor used to detect air quality.
- Pins: VCC, GND, A0, D0
LM2596
- Description: A voltage regulator module.
- Pins: IN, OUT
IR Sensors
- Description: Infrared sensors used for various detection purposes.
- Pins: out, gnd, vcc
Wiring Details
Arduino Mega 2560
- D20/SDA: Connected to Resistor (pin1) and MPU-6050 (SDA)
- D21/SCL: Connected to Resistor (pin1) and MPU-6050 (SCL)
- 5V: Connected to DHT11 (VCC), Resistor (pin1), HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor (VCC), IR Sensors (vcc), KY-032 Infrared Obstacle Avoidance Sensor Module (Vcc), GPS NEO 6M (VCC), MQ135 (VCC), LM2596 (IN)
- GND: Connected to DHT11 (GND), 2.1mm Barrel Jack with Terminal Block (NEG), LM2596 (OUT), Resistor (pin1), GPS NEO 6M (GND), LM2596 (IN), MQ135 (GND), MPU-6050 (GND), HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor (GND)
- VIN: Connected to 2.1mm Barrel Jack with Terminal Block (POS) and LM2596 (OUT)
- D19/RX1: Connected to HC-06 (TXD)
- D18/TX1: Connected to HC-06 (RXD)
- D17 PWM/RX2: Connected to GPS NEO 6M (RX)
- D16 PWM/TX2: Connected to GPS NEO 6M (TX)
- D1 TX0: Connected to Resistor (pin1)
- D5 PWM: Connected to DHT11 (DATA) and Resistor (pin2)
- D6 PWM: Connected to HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor (ECHO)
- D7 PWM: Connected to HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor (TRIG)
- D52: Connected to IR Sensor (out)
- D50: Connected to IR Sensor (out)
- D48: Connected to KY-032 Infrared Obstacle Avoidance Sensor Module (Out)
- D53: Connected to IR Sensor (out)
- D51: Connected to IR Sensor (out)
- D49: Connected to IR Sensor (out)
- D47: Connected to MQ135 (D0)
- 3V3: Connected to Resistor (pin2), Resistor (pin2), MPU-6050 (VCC)
2.1mm Barrel Jack with Terminal Block
- POS: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (VIN) and LM2596 (OUT)
- NEG: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (GND), DHT11 (GND), LM2596 (OUT), Resistor (pin1), GPS NEO 6M (GND), LM2596 (IN), MQ135 (GND), MPU-6050 (GND), HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor (GND)
HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
- VCC: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (5V), Resistor (pin1)
- TRIG: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D7 PWM)
- ECHO: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D6 PWM)
- GND: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (GND)
MPU-6050
- VCC: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (3V3), Resistor (pin2)
- GND: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (GND)
- SCL: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D21/SCL), Resistor (pin1)
- SDA: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D20/SDA), Resistor (pin1)
DHT11
- VCC: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (5V), Resistor (pin1)
- GND: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (GND), 2.1mm Barrel Jack with Terminal Block (NEG)
- DATA: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D5 PWM), Resistor (pin2)
GPS NEO 6M
- VCC: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (5V)
- RX: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D17 PWM/RX2)
- TX: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D16 PWM/TX2)
- GND: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (GND)
HC-06
- RXD: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D18/TX1)
- TXD: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D19/RX1)
- GND: Connected to LM2596 (OUT)
- VCC: Connected to LM2596 (OUT)
Resistors
- 4700 Ohms: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D20/SDA), MPU-6050 (SDA), Arduino Mega 2560 (D21/SCL), MPU-6050 (SCL)
- 10000 Ohms: Connected to DHT11 (VCC), Resistor (pin1)
- 2000 Ohms: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (GND), Resistor (pin2)
- 1000 Ohms: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D1 TX0), Resistor (pin1)
Electrolytic Capacitor
- -: Connected to LM2596 (OUT)
- +: Connected to LM2596 (OUT)
18650 Li-ion Battery x 2
- +: Connected to LM2596 (IN)
- -: Connected to LM2596 (IN)
KY-032 Infrared Obstacle Avoidance Sensor Module
- GND: Connected to IR Sensors (gnd)
- Vcc: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (5V)
- Out: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D48)
MQ135
- VCC: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (5V)
- GND: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (GND)
- D0: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (D47)
LM2596
- IN: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (5V), 18650 Li-ion Battery x 2 (+), 18650 Li-ion Battery x 2 (-)
- OUT: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 (VIN), 2.1mm Barrel Jack with Terminal Block (POS), HC-06 (G