Circuit Documentation

Summary

This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit designed to control a pair of DC motors using an Arduino UNO as the main microcontroller. The circuit includes a Bluetooth module for wireless communication, an ultrasonic sensor for distance measurement, an IR sensor for object detection, a servo motor for precise angular control, and a motor driver to handle the high current required by the DC motors. The power source is a single 18650 Li-Ion battery.

Component List

Arduino UNO

• Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
• It has 14 digital input/output pins, 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.

L298N DC Motor Driver

• A module that can control up to two DC motors with individual speed and direction control, perfect for driving wheels of a robot.

HC-05 Bluetooth Module

• A wireless communication module that can be used to exchange data with other Bluetooth devices such as smartphones or computers.

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• A sensor that measures distance by emitting ultrasonic waves and measuring the time taken for the echo to return.

18650 Li-Ion Battery

• A rechargeable battery that provides a power source for the circuit.

IR Sensor

• A sensor that detects infrared light, often used in proximity switches and object detection.

Tower Pro SG90 Servo

• A small and lightweight servo motor capable of precise control of angular position.

Motor Amarillo Motorreductor Hobby (x2)

• A yellow hobby gear motor that is commonly used in small robotics and DIY projects.

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• GND connected to the common ground net.
• Vin connected to the positive voltage net.
• A0 connected to ENA on the L298N motor driver.
• A1 connected to ENB on the L298N motor driver.
• A4 connected to TRIG on the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor.
• A5 connected to ECHO on the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor.
• D10 connected to Signal on the Tower Pro SG90 servo.
• D9 connected to IN1 on the L298N motor driver.
• D8 connected to IN2 on the L298N motor driver.
• D7 connected to IN3 on the L298N motor driver.
• D6 connected to IN4 on the L298N motor driver.
• D5 connected to out on the IR sensor.
• D1 connected to RXD on the HC-05 Bluetooth module.
• D0 connected to TXD on the HC-05 Bluetooth module.

L298N DC Motor Driver

• GND connected to the common ground net.
• 12V connected to the positive voltage net.
• ENA and ENB connected to A0 and A1 on the Arduino UNO for speed control.
• IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4 connected to D9, D8, D7, D6 on the Arduino UNO for direction control.
• OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, OUT4 connected to the two Motor Amarillo motorreductor hobby motors.

HC-05 Bluetooth Module

• GND connected to the common ground net.
• VCC connected to the positive voltage net.
• TXD connected to D0 on the Arduino UNO.
• RXD connected to D1 on the Arduino UNO.

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• GND connected to the common ground net.
• VCC connected to the positive voltage net.
• TRIG connected to A4 on the Arduino UNO.
• ECHO connected to A5 on the Arduino UNO.

18650 Li-Ion Battery

• Negative connected to the common ground net.
• Positive connected to the positive voltage net.

IR Sensor

• gnd connected to the common ground net.
• vcc connected to the positive voltage net.
• out connected to D5 on the Arduino UNO.

Tower Pro SG90 Servo

• GND connected to the common ground net.
• +5V connected to the positive voltage net.
• Signal connected to D10 on the Arduino UNO.

Motor Amarillo Motorreductor Hobby

• One motor's vcc connected to OUT1 and GND to OUT2 on the L298N motor driver.
• The other motor's vcc connected to OUT4 and GND to OUT3 on the L298N motor driver.

Documented Code

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

The provided code is a template for the Arduino UNO microcontroller. The setup() function is called once when the program starts and is used to initialize the settings. The loop() function is called repeatedly and contains the main logic of the program. The actual implementation details need to be filled in based on the specific requirements of the circuit's operation.