Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to control a set of four "Motor amarillo motorreductor hobby" motors using an L298N DC motor driver module. The system is controlled by an Arduino Nano microcontroller, which interfaces with an nRF24L01 wireless transceiver module for remote control capabilities. A toggle switch is used to control the power supply to the motor driver, and a red LED is included for status indication. The power source for the circuit is a 7.4V battery.

Component List

Motors

• Motor amarillo motorreductor hobby: A hobbyist DC gear motor used for driving mechanical loads.

Microcontroller

• Arduino Nano: A small, complete, and breadboard-friendly board based on the ATmega328P, used for controlling the logic of the circuit.

Power

• 7.4V Battery: Provides the power supply for the motors and the motor driver module.

Motor Driver

• L298N DC Motor Driver: An integrated circuit that allows for controlling the speed and direction of two DC motors simultaneously.

Wireless Module

• nRF24L01: A wireless transceiver module that operates in the 2.4GHz band, used for receiving control signals.

Indicator

• LED: Two Pin (red): An indicator light that can be used to signal various statuses of the circuit.

Switch

• Toggle Switch: A switch that can be used to turn the power supply to the motor driver on or off.

Wiring Details

Motors

• Motor amarillo motorreductor hobby: Each motor has two connections, vcc and GND. The vcc of two motors are connected to OUT4 and OUT3 of the L298N motor driver, while the GND of the same two motors are connected to OUT2 and OUT1 respectively.

Arduino Nano

• Digital pins D2 to D7 are used to control the L298N motor driver and the nRF24L01 module.
• VIN is connected to the 5V pin of the L298N motor driver to power the Arduino Nano.
• GND is connected to the common ground of the circuit.
• 3V3 powers the nRF24L01 module.
• D13/SCK, D11/MOSI, and D12/MISO are used for SPI communication with the nRF24L01 module.

L298N DC Motor Driver

• OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, and OUT4 are connected to the motors.
• ENA and ENB are connected to D3 and D9 on the Arduino Nano for enabling the motor outputs.
• IN1, IN2, IN3, and IN4 are connected to D4, D5, D6, and D7 on the Arduino Nano for controlling motor direction.
• 12V is connected to the L2 pin of the toggle switch to control power to the motors.
• GND is connected to the common ground of the circuit.

nRF24L01

• VCC is connected to 3V3 on the Arduino Nano.
• GND is connected to the common ground of the circuit.
• CE, CSN, SCK, MOSI, and MISO are connected to D8, D10, D13/SCK, D11/MOSI, and D12/MISO on the Arduino Nano respectively.

LED: Two Pin (red)

• cathode is connected to GND on the Arduino Nano.
• anode is connected to D2 on the Arduino Nano.

Toggle Switch

• COM is connected to the positive terminal of the 7.4V battery.
• L2 is connected to the 12V input of the L298N motor driver.

Documented Code

Arduino Nano Code

#include<SPI.h>
#include<nRF24L01.h>
#include<RF24.h>

int ENA = 3;
int ENB = 9;
int MotorA1 = 4;
int MotorA2 = 5;
int MotorB1 = 6;
int MotorB2 = 7;

RF24 radio(8, 10);

const byte address[6] = "00001";

struct data {
  int xAxis;
  int yAxis;
};
data receive_data;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  radio.begin();
  radio.openReadingPipe(0,address);
  radio.setPALevel(RF24_PA_MIN);
  radio.setDataRate(RF24_250KBPS);
  radio.startListening();
  pinMode(ENA, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ENB, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(MotorA1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(MotorA2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(MotorB1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(MotorB2, OUTPUT);
}

void loop() {
  while(radio.available()) {
    radio.read(&receive_data, sizeof(data));
    if(receive_data.yAxis > 400) {
      digitalWrite(MotorA1, LOW);
      digitalWrite(MotorA2, HIGH);
      digitalWrite(MotorB1, HIGH);
      digitalWrite(MotorB2, LOW);
      analogWrite(ENA, 150);
      analogWrite(ENB, 150);
    } else if(receive_data.yAxis < 320) {
      digitalWrite(MotorA1, HIGH);
      digitalWrite(MotorA2, LOW);
      digitalWrite(MotorB1, LOW);
      digitalWrite(MotorB2, HIGH);
      analogWrite(ENA, 150);
      analogWrite(ENB, 150);
    } else if(receive_data.xAxis < 320){
      digitalWrite(MotorA1, HIGH);
      digitalWrite(MotorA2, LOW);
      digitalWrite(MotorB1, HIGH);
      digitalWrite(MotorB2, LOW);
      analogWrite(ENA, 150);
      analogWrite(ENB, 150);
    } else if(receive_data.xAxis > 400){
      digitalWrite(MotorA1, LOW);
      digitalWrite(MotorA2, HIGH);
      digitalWrite(MotorB1, LOW);
      digitalWrite(MotorB2, HIGH);
      analogWrite(ENA, 150);
      analogWrite(ENB, 150);
    } else {
      digitalWrite(MotorA1, LOW);
      digitalWrite(MotorA2, LOW);
      digitalWrite(MotorB1, LOW);
      digitalWrite(MotorB2, LOW);
      analogWrite(ENA, 0);
      analogWrite(ENB, 0);
    }
  }
}

This code is responsible for setting up the Arduino Nano to communicate with the nRF24L01 module and control the L298N motor driver based on the received wireless signals. It initializes the SPI communication, sets up the radio, and configures the motor control pins. The loop function listens for incoming data and controls the motors accordingly.