Solar Panel Cleaning System Documentation

Summary

This document provides a detailed overview of a solar panel cleaning system. The system uses an Arduino UNO microcontroller to control a water pump and a servo motor. The water pump is activated via a relay, and the servo motor is used to clean the solar panel. The system is powered by a 9V battery and a 3.7V battery.

Component List

1. Arduino UNO

   • Description: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P.
   • Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0

2. Water Pump

   • Description: A small water pump used to spray water on the solar panel.
   • Pins: VCC, GND

3. 3.7V Battery

   • Description: A battery providing 3.7V power.
   • Pins: +, -

4. 12V Relay

   • Description: A relay module used to control the water pump.
   • Pins: NO, COM, NC, IN, DC-, DC+

5. Micro Servo 9G

   • Description: A small servo motor used to clean the solar panel.
   • Pins: GND, +5V, PWM

6. 9V Battery

   • Description: A battery providing 9V power.
   • Pins: -, +

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• 5V is connected to +5V of the Micro Servo 9G and NO of the 12V Relay.
• GND is connected to GND of the Micro Servo 9G, COM of the 12V Relay, and - of the 9V Battery.
• Vin is connected to + of the 9V Battery.
• D7 is connected to PWM of the Micro Servo 9G.
• D2 is connected to NC of the 12V Relay.

Water Pump

• VCC is connected to DC+ of the 12V Relay.
• GND is connected to - of the 3.7V Battery.

3.7V Battery

• + is connected to DC- of the 12V Relay.
• - is connected to GND of the Water Pump.

12V Relay

• NO is connected to +5V of the Micro Servo 9G and 5V of the Arduino UNO.
• COM is connected to GND of the Micro Servo 9G and GND of the Arduino UNO.
• NC is connected to D2 of the Arduino UNO.
• IN is not connected.
• DC+ is connected to VCC of the Water Pump.
• DC- is connected to + of the 3.7V Battery.

Micro Servo 9G

• GND is connected to COM of the 12V Relay and GND of the Arduino UNO.
• +5V is connected to NO of the 12V Relay and 5V of the Arduino UNO.
• PWM is connected to D7 of the Arduino UNO.

9V Battery

• - is connected to GND of the Arduino UNO.
• + is connected to Vin of the Arduino UNO.

Code Documentation

/*
 * Solar Panel Cleaning System
 * This code controls a water pump and a servo motor to clean a solar panel.
 * The water pump is controlled via a relay connected to pin D2.
 * The servo motor is connected to pin D7.
 */

#include <Servo.h>

#define RELAY_PIN 2
#define SERVO_PIN 7

Servo cleaningServo;

void setup() {
  // Initialize relay pin as output
  pinMode(RELAY_PIN, OUTPUT);
  // Initialize servo motor
  cleaningServo.attach(SERVO_PIN);
  // Start with the relay off
  digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, LOW);
}

void loop() {
  // Turn on the water pump
  digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, HIGH);
  delay(5000); // Pump water for 5 seconds
  // Turn off the water pump
  digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, LOW);
  // Move the servo to clean the panel
  cleaningServo.write(0); // Move to 0 degrees
  delay(2000); // Wait for 2 seconds
  cleaningServo.write(180); // Move to 180 degrees
  delay(2000); // Wait for 2 seconds
  // Repeat the cleaning process
  cleaningServo.write(0); // Move back to 0 degrees
  delay(2000); // Wait for 2 seconds
  // Wait before the next cleaning cycle
  delay(60000); // Wait for 1 minute
}

This code initializes the relay and servo motor in the setup function. In the loop function, it turns on the water pump for 5 seconds, then moves the servo motor to clean the solar panel by rotating it from 0 to 180 degrees and back to 0 degrees. This process repeats every minute.