Circuit Documentation

Summary of the Circuit

This circuit is designed to interface an HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor with an Arduino UNO for distance measurement. The Arduino controls a relay module, which in turn can switch a gearmotor and a buzzer on and off. The gearmotor and buzzer are powered by a 9V battery. The relay module is used to control the high-power circuit of the gearmotor and buzzer, isolating it from the low-power control circuitry of the Arduino.

Component List

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor (Wokwi Compatible)

• Description: A sensor that measures distance by emitting ultrasonic waves and measuring the time taken for the echo to return.
• Pins: VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND

Arduino UNO

• Description: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P, widely used for building digital devices and interactive objects that can sense and control objects in the physical world.
• Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0-A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D0-D13

Relay module 5v-30v

• Description: An electrically operated switch that allows you to control a high-power circuit with a low-power signal.
• Pins: common contact, normally open, normally closed, trigger, V-, V+

Gearmotor DC / Motorreductor

• Description: A DC motor combined with a gearbox to reduce the speed and increase the torque.
• Pins: Pin1, Pin2

9V Battery

• Description: A standard 9V battery used to provide power to the circuit.
• Pins: -, +

Buzzer

• Description: An electronic buzzer that emits sound when powered.
• Pins: POSITIVE, NEGATIVE

Wiring Details

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor

• VCC connected to Arduino UNO 5V
• TRIG connected to Arduino UNO D9
• ECHO connected to Arduino UNO D10
• GND connected to Arduino UNO GND

Arduino UNO

• 5V connected to HC-SR04 VCC and Relay module V+
• GND connected to HC-SR04 GND and Relay module V-
• D9 connected to HC-SR04 TRIG
• D10 connected to HC-SR04 ECHO
• D4 connected to Relay module trigger

Relay module 5v-30v

• V+ connected to Arduino UNO 5V
• V- connected to Arduino UNO GND
• trigger connected to Arduino UNO D4
• common contact connected to 9V Battery +
• normally closed connected to Gearmotor Pin2 and Buzzer NEGATIVE

Gearmotor DC / Motorreductor

• Pin1 connected to 9V Battery +
• Pin2 connected to Relay module normally closed and Buzzer NEGATIVE

9V Battery

• • connected to Relay module common contact and Gearmotor Pin1
• • connected to Buzzer NEGATIVE

Buzzer

• POSITIVE connected to 9V Battery +
• NEGATIVE connected to Relay module normally closed and Gearmotor Pin2

Documented Code

Arduino UNO Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Note: The provided code is a template and does not contain any functional code. It needs to be filled in with the logic for controlling the HC-SR04 sensor, the relay module, and subsequently the gearmotor and buzzer based on the sensor's readings.