Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit involves an Arduino 101 microcontroller, an HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor, and an MG996R Servo Motor. The ultrasonic sensor measures distance and triggers the servo motor to move when an object is detected within a specified range. The Arduino 101 controls the entire operation, reading the sensor data and driving the servo motor based on the distance measured.

Component List

Arduino 101

• Description: A microcontroller board based on the Intel Curie module.
• Pins: A5/SCL, A4/SDA, AREF, GND, D13/SCK, D12/MISO, D11 PWM/MOSI, D10 PWM/SS, D9 PWM, D8, D7, D6 PWM, D5 PWM, D4, D3 PWM, D2, D1/TX, D0/RX, AIN, ioref, RESET, 3V3, 5V, VIN, A0, A1, A2, A3, ICSP MISO, ICSP SCK, ICSP MOSI

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• Description: A sensor used to measure distance by using ultrasonic waves.
• Pins: VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND

MG996R Servo Motor

• Description: A high-torque servo motor used for precise control of angular position.
• Pins: GND, VCC, SIG

Qwiic Cable - Breadboard Jumper (4-pin)

• Description: A cable used for connecting Qwiic-enabled devices to a breadboard.
• Pins: GND, 3.3V, SDA, SCL

Wiring Details

Arduino 101

• 5V: Connected to VCC of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor and VCC of MG996R Servo Motor
• GND: Connected to GND of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor and GND of MG996R Servo Motor
• D10 PWM/SS: Connected to ECHO of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
• D9 PWM: Connected to TRIG of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
• D3 PWM: Connected to SIG of MG996R Servo Motor

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• VCC: Connected to 5V of Arduino 101
• GND: Connected to GND of Arduino 101
• TRIG: Connected to D9 PWM of Arduino 101
• ECHO: Connected to D10 PWM/SS of Arduino 101

MG996R Servo Motor

• VCC: Connected to 5V of Arduino 101
• GND: Connected to GND of Arduino 101
• SIG: Connected to D3 PWM of Arduino 101

Code Documentation

Arduino 101 Code

#include <Servo.h>

const int trigPin = 9;
const int echoPin = 10;
const int servoPin = 3;
const int distanceThreshold = 10; // Distance in cm to trigger the servo

Servo myServo;

void setup() {
  pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
  myServo.attach(servoPin);
  myServo.write(0); // Initial position of the servo
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  long duration, distance;
  
  // Send a 10us pulse to trigger the ultrasonic sensor
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
  delayMicroseconds(2);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
  delayMicroseconds(10);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
  
  // Read the echo pin
  duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
  
  // Calculate the distance
  distance = (duration / 2) / 29.1;
  
  // Print the distance to the Serial Monitor
  Serial.print("Distance: ");
  Serial.println(distance);
  
  // If the distance is less than the threshold, activate the servo
  if (distance < distanceThreshold) {
    myServo.write(90); // Move the servo to 90 degrees
    delay(1000); // Wait for 1 second
    myServo.write(0); // Move the servo back to 0 degrees
  }
  
  delay(500); // Wait for 0.5 seconds before the next loop
}

This code initializes the pins for the ultrasonic sensor and the servo motor. It continuously measures the distance using the ultrasonic sensor and moves the servo motor to 90 degrees if an object is detected within the specified threshold distance. The servo motor then returns to its initial position after a short delay. The distance measurements are also printed to the Serial Monitor for debugging purposes.