Circuit Documentation

Summary

The circuit in question appears to be designed for a robotic application that involves motor control, air pumping, flame sensing, and audible signaling. An Arduino UNO microcontroller serves as the central processing unit, interfacing with various sensors, actuators, and a motor driver. The circuit includes flame sensors for detecting fire, a DC motor driver for controlling motors, a servo motor for precise angular movement, a mini air pump, a buzzer for audio feedback, and a power supply provided by a 9V battery. The circuit is designed to react to flame detection with specific movements and actions, including motor speed adjustments and air pump activation.

Component List

• Motor Amarillo Motorreductor Hobby: A DC motor used for driving mechanisms in the robot.
• L298N DC Motor Driver: An H-bridge motor driver that allows for controlling the direction and speed of two DC motors.
• Mini Air Pump: A small pump used for air displacement, possibly for inflation or suction purposes.
• Sensor SHT113 Flame: A flame sensor capable of detecting fire through infrared light.
• Arduino UNO: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P, used for controlling the logic of the circuit.
• 9V Battery: A power source for the circuit.
• Ceramic Capacitor: A passive component used for filtering and stabilizing the electrical signal.
• Rocker Switch: A switch used to control the power flow in the circuit.
• Resistor: A passive component used to limit current or divide voltages in the circuit.
• Servomotor MG90S: A small servo motor for precise control of angular position.
• LED (Red): A light-emitting diode used for visual signaling.
• Buzzer: An electromechanical component used for audible signaling.

Wiring Details

Motor Amarillo Motorreductor Hobby

• VCC: Connected to the output of the L298N motor driver.
• GND: Connected to the common ground net in the circuit.

L298N DC Motor Driver

• OUT1, OUT2, OUT3, OUT4: Connected to the VCC and GND pins of the DC motors.
• 12V: Connected to the 9V battery through a rocker switch.
• GND: Connected to the common ground net in the circuit.
• 5V: Not connected in the provided net list.
• ENA, ENB: Controlled by the Arduino UNO for speed control of the motors.
• IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4: Controlled by the Arduino UNO for direction control of the motors.

Mini Air Pump

• PIN1: Connected to the 9V battery through a rocker switch.
• PIN2: Connected to the common ground net in the circuit.

Sensor SHT113 Flame

• A0: Connected to the analog pins A0, A1, and A2 of the Arduino UNO for flame detection.
• D0: Connected to the buzzer and the common ground net in the circuit.
• GND: Connected to the common ground net in the circuit.
• VCC: Connected to the 5V output of the Arduino UNO.

Arduino UNO

• Digital and Analog Pins: Connected to various components for control and sensing.
• 5V and GND: Provide power to the flame sensors and servo motor.
• Vin: Connected to the 9V battery through a rocker switch.

9V Battery

• +: Connected to the rocker switch.
• -: Connected to the common ground net in the circuit.

Ceramic Capacitor

• Pin0: Connected to the 9V battery through a rocker switch.
• Pin1: Connected to the common ground net in the circuit.

Rocker Switch

• Input: Connected to the 9V battery.
• Output: Connected to the Vin pin of the Arduino UNO and the 12V input of the L298N motor driver.

Resistor

• Pin1: Not connected in the provided net list.
• Pin2: Connected to the A5 pin of the Arduino UNO.

Servomotor MG90S

• SIG: Controlled by the A4 pin of the Arduino UNO.
• VCC: Connected to the 5V output of the Arduino UNO.
• GND: Connected to the common ground net in the circuit.

LED (Red)

• Cathode: Connected to the common ground net in the circuit.
• Anode: Connected to the 9V battery through a rocker switch.

Buzzer

• PIN: Connected to the D0 pin of the flame sensors.
• GND: Connected to the common ground net in the circuit.

Documented Code

#define enA 10    // Enable1 L298 Pin enA (Motor1 Speed Control)
#define in1 9     // Motor1 L298 Pin in1 (Motor1 Forward)
#define in2 8     // Motor1 L298 Pin in2 (Motor1 Backward)
#define in3 7     // Motor2 L298 Pin in3 (Motor2 Forward)
#define in4 6     // Motor2 L298 Pin in4 (Motor2 Backward)
#define enB 5     // Enable2 L298 Pin enB (Motor2 Speed Control)
#define ir_R A0   // Right Infrared sensor
#define ir_F A1   // Front Infrared sensor
#define ir_L A2   // Left Infrared sensor
#define servo A4  // Servo Motor pin
#define pump A5   // Pump control pin

int Speed = 160;  // Duty Cycle (0 to 255) for motor speed control
int s1, s2, s3;   // Variables to store sensor readings

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);            // Start serial communication at 9600 bps
  pinMode(ir_R, INPUT);          // Set right sensor as input
  pinMode(ir_F, INPUT);          // Set front sensor as input
  pinMode(ir_L, INPUT);          // Set left sensor as input
  pinMode(enA, OUTPUT);          // Motor1 speed control
  pinMode(in1, OUTPUT);          // Motor1 forward
  pinMode(in2, OUTPUT);          // Motor1 backward
  pinMode(in3, OUTPUT);          // Motor2 forward
  pinMode(in4, OUTPUT);          // Motor2 backward
  pinMode(enB, OUTPUT);          // Motor2 speed control
  pinMode(servo, OUTPUT);        // Servo motor control
  pinMode(pump, OUTPUT);         // Pump control

  // Initial servo movements
  for (int angle = 90; angle <= 140; angle += 5) {
    servoPulse(servo, angle); 
  }
  for (int angle = 140; angle >= 40; angle -= 5) {
    servoPulse(servo, angle); 
  }
  for (int angle = 40; angle <= 95; angle += 5) {
    servoPulse(servo, angle); 
  }
  
  // Set initial motor speeds
  analogWrite(enA, Speed);  // Set Motor1 speed
  analogWrite(enB, Speed);  // Set Motor2 speed
  delay(500);
}

void loop() {
  s1 = analogRead(ir_R);  // Read right sensor
  s2 = analogRead(ir_F);  // Read front sensor
  s3 = analogRead(ir_L);  // Read left sensor

  // Display sensor readings on the serial monitor
  Serial.print(s1); Serial.print("\t");
  Serial.print(s2); Serial.print("\t");
  Serial.println(s3);
  delay(50);

  // Automated control based on sensor input
  if (s1 < 250) {
    Stop();
    digitalWrite(pump, 1);
    for (int angle = 90; angle >= 40; angle -= 3) {
      servoPulse(servo, angle);
    }
    for (int angle = 40; angle <= 90; angle += 3) {
      servoPulse(servo, angle);
    }
  }
  else if (s2 < 350) {
    Stop();
    digitalWrite(pump, 1);
    for (int angle = 90; angle <= 140; angle += 3) {
      servoPulse(servo, angle);
    }
    for (int angle = 140; angle >= 40; angle -= 3) {
      servoPulse(servo, angle);
    }
    for (int angle = 40; angle <= 90; angle += 3) {
      servoPulse(servo, angle);
    }
  }
  else if (s3 < 250) {
    Stop();
    digitalWrite(pump, 1);
    for (int angle = 90; angle <= 140; angle += 3) {
      servoPulse(servo, angle);
    }
    for (int angle = 140; angle >= 90; angle -= 3) {
      servoPulse(servo, angle);
    }
  }
  else if (s1 >= 251 && s1 <= 700) {
    digitalWrite(pump, 0);
    backword();
    delay(100);
    turnRight();
    delay(200);
  }
  else if (s2 >= 251 && s2 <= 800) {