Circuit Documentation

Summary of the Circuit

This circuit integrates an Arduino CNC shield with an HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor and a Buzzer, controlled by embedded code. The purpose of the circuit is to measure distances using the ultrasonic sensor and potentially provide feedback or alerts through the buzzer. A Rotary Potentiometer is also included, which may be used to adjust settings or thresholds within the system.

Component List

Arduino CNC Shield

• Description: A shield that plugs into an Arduino board and allows for the control of CNC machines and stepper motors.
• Pins: AREF, GND3, SpinDir, SpinEnable, Z-Endstop, Y-Endstop, X-Endstop, and many others for controlling stepper motors and interfacing with other devices.

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• Description: A sensor that measures distance by emitting ultrasonic waves and measuring the time taken for the echo to return.
• Pins: VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND.

Buzzer

• Description: An electromechanical component that emits sound when an electrical signal is applied.
• Pins: POSITIVE, NEGATIVE.

Rotary Potentiometer

• Description: A three-terminal resistor with a rotating contact that forms an adjustable voltage divider.
• Pins: leg1, wiper, leg2.
• Properties: Resistance - 10,000 Ohms.

Wiring Details

Arduino CNC Shield

• 5V connected to Rotary Potentiometer leg1 and HC-SR04 VCC.
• GND connected to Rotary Potentiometer leg2, HC-SR04 GND, and Buzzer NEGATIVE.
• Y-STEP (3) connected to HC-SR04 TRIG.
• X-STEP (2) connected to HC-SR04 ECHO.

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• VCC connected to Arduino CNC Shield 5V.
• TRIG connected to Arduino CNC Shield Y-STEP (3).
• ECHO connected to Arduino CNC Shield X-STEP (2).
• GND connected to Arduino CNC Shield GND.

Buzzer

• POSITIVE connected to Rotary Potentiometer wiper.
• NEGATIVE connected to Arduino CNC Shield GND.

Rotary Potentiometer

• leg1 connected to Arduino CNC Shield 5V.
• wiper connected to Buzzer POSITIVE.
• leg2 connected to Arduino CNC Shield GND.

Documented Code

Code for Arduino CNC Shield

/*
 * This Arduino Sketch reads distance from an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor
 * connected to a Wemos D1 R32 (ESP32-based board). The TRIG pin of the
 * sensor is connected to IO14, and the ECHO pin is connected to IO27.
 * The measured distance is printed to the console.
 */

// Pin definitions
const int trigPin = 27; // IO27 on Wemos D1 R32
const int echoPin = 14; // IO14 on Wemos D1 R32

void setup() {
  // Initialize serial communication
  Serial.begin(115200);
  
  // Set pin modes
  pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
}

void loop() {
  // Read distance from ultrasonic sensor
  long duration, distance;
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
  delayMicroseconds(2);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
  delayMicroseconds(10);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
  duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
  distance = duration * 0.034 / 2; // Convert to cm

  // Print distance to console
  Serial.print("Distance: ");
  Serial.print(distance);
  Serial.println(" cm");

  delay(100); // Short delay for stability
}

Filename: sketch.ino

Code for Buzzer

The code for the buzzer is not provided with specific functionality. It appears to be a placeholder for future development.

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Filename: sketch.ino

Additional Documentation

No additional documentation is provided for the buzzer.

Filename: documentation.txt