Circuit Documentation

Summary

This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit that includes an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller, various sensors (ultrasonic, UV), a Bluetooth module, an LCD screen, stepper motors with drivers, a step-down converter, a battery pack, and a bi-directional logic level converter. The circuit is designed to interface multiple sensors and actuators with the Arduino Mega 2560, providing power and communication through various connections.

Component List

1. Arduino Mega 2560

   • Description: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560.
   • Pins: IOREF, RESET, 3V3, 5V, GND, VIN, A0-A15, D0-D53, SDA, SCL, AREF, etc.

2. Ultrasonic Sensor

   • Description: A sensor used to measure distance by using ultrasonic waves.
   • Pins: +VCC, Trigger, Echo, GND

3. Step-Down Converter

   • Description: A device that converts a higher voltage to a lower voltage.
   • Pins: IN+, IN-, OUT+, OUT-

4. Battery

   • Description: A power source for the circuit.
   • Pins: +, -

5. UV Sensor

   • Description: A sensor used to detect ultraviolet light.
   • Pins: OUT, VCC, GND

6. Bluetooth Module HM-10

   • Description: A Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) module.
   • Pins: BRK, RX, TX, GND, VCC, State

7. LCD Screen 16x2 I2C

   • Description: A 16x2 character LCD display with I2C interface.
   • Pins: SCL, SDA, VCC, GND

8. USB Plug

   • Description: A USB connector for power or data transfer.
   • Pins: GND, D+, D-, 5V+, Out

9. Stepper Motor (Bipolar)

   • Description: A motor that moves in discrete steps.
   • Pins: D, B, C, A

10. TB6600 Micro Stepping Motor Driver

    • Description: A driver for controlling stepper motors.
    • Pins: ENA-, ENA+, DIR-, DIR+, PUL-, PUL+, B-, B+, A-, A+, GND, VCC

11. Battery Pack

    • Description: A pack of batteries providing power.
    • Pins: +, -

12. Bi-Directional Logic Level Converter

    • Description: A device that converts signals between different voltage levels.
    • Pins: HV1, HV2, HV, GND, HV3, HV4, LV1, LV2, LV, LV3, LV4

Wiring Details

Arduino Mega 2560

• 5V connected to:

  • Step-Down Converter (OUT+)
  • UV Sensor (VCC)
  • Bluetooth Module HM-10 (VCC)
  • LCD Screen 16x2 I2C (VCC)
  • Ultrasonic Sensors (+VCC)

• GND connected to:

  • Step-Down Converter (OUT-)
  • TB6600 Micro Stepping Motor Drivers (ENA-, DIR-, PUL-)
  • UV Sensor (GND)
  • Bluetooth Module HM-10 (GND)
  • Bi-Directional Logic Level Converter (GND)
  • LCD Screen 16x2 I2C (GND)
  • Ultrasonic Sensors (GND)

• D21/SCL connected to:

  • LCD Screen 16x2 I2C (SCL)

• D20/SDA connected to:

  • LCD Screen 16x2 I2C (SDA)

• D15/RX3 connected to:

  • Bi-Directional Logic Level Converter (HV2)

• D14/TX3 connected to:

  • Bi-Directional Logic Level Converter (HV1)

• D4 PWM connected to:

  • TB6600 Micro Stepping Motor Driver (ENA+)

• D5 PWM connected to:

  • TB6600 Micro Stepping Motor Driver (DIR+)

• D6 PWM connected to:

  • TB6600 Micro Stepping Motor Driver (PUL+)

• D7 PWM connected to:

  • TB6600 Micro Stepping Motor Driver (ENA+)

• D8 PWM connected to:

  • TB6600 Micro Stepping Motor Driver (DIR+)

• D9 PWM connected to:

  • TB6600 Micro Stepping Motor Driver (PUL+)

• D10 PWM connected to:

  • UV Sensor (OUT)

• D36 connected to:

  • Bi-Directional Logic Level Converter (HV)

• D34 connected to:

  • Ultrasonic Sensor (Echo)

• D32 connected to:

  • Ultrasonic Sensor (Echo)

• D30 connected to:

  • Ultrasonic Sensor (Echo)

• D35 connected to:

  • Ultrasonic Sensor (Trigger)

• D33 connected to:

  • Ultrasonic Sensor (Trigger)

• D31 connected to:

  • Ultrasonic Sensor (Trigger)

Step-Down Converter

• IN+ connected to:

  • Battery (+)

• IN- connected to:

  • Battery (-)

TB6600 Micro Stepping Motor Driver

• ENA- connected to:

  • Step-Down Converter (OUT-)

• DIR- connected to:

  • Step-Down Converter (OUT-)

• PUL- connected to:

  • Step-Down Converter (OUT-)

• ENA+ connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (D4 PWM)
  • Arduino Mega 2560 (D7 PWM)

• DIR+ connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (D5 PWM)
  • Arduino Mega 2560 (D8 PWM)

• PUL+ connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (D6 PWM)
  • Arduino Mega 2560 (D9 PWM)

• B- connected to:

  • Stepper Motor (D)

• B+ connected to:

  • Stepper Motor (B)

• A- connected to:

  • Stepper Motor (C)

• A+ connected to:

  • Stepper Motor (A)

• GND connected to:

  • Battery Pack (-)

• VCC connected to:

  • Battery Pack (+)

Bi-Directional Logic Level Converter

• HV1 connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (D14/TX3)

• HV2 connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (D15/RX3)

• HV connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (D36)

• GND connected to:

  • Step-Down Converter (OUT-)

• LV1 connected to:

  • Bluetooth Module HM-10 (RX)

• LV2 connected to:

  • Bluetooth Module HM-10 (TX)

• LV connected to:

  • Bluetooth Module HM-10 (State)

Ultrasonic Sensor

• +VCC connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (5V)

• GND connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (GND)

• Trigger connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (D35, D33, D31)

• Echo connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (D34, D32, D30)

UV Sensor

• VCC connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (5V)

• GND connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (GND)

• OUT connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (D10 PWM)

Bluetooth Module HM-10

• VCC connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (5V)

• GND connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (GND)

• RX connected to:

  • Bi-Directional Logic Level Converter (LV1)

• TX connected to:

  • Bi-Directional Logic Level Converter (LV2)

• State connected to:

  • Bi-Directional Logic Level Converter (LV)

LCD Screen 16x2 I2C

• VCC connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (5V)

• GND connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (GND)

• SCL connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (D21/SCL)

• SDA connected to:

  • Arduino Mega 2560 (D20/SDA)

Stepper Motor (Bipolar)

• D connected to:

  • TB6600 Micro Stepping Motor Driver (B-)

• B connected to:

  • TB6600 Micro Stepping Motor Driver (B+)

• C connected to:

  • TB6600 Micro Stepping Motor Driver (A-)

• A connected to: