Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit involves an Arduino Mega 2560 microcontroller interfacing with various components including an LCD display, pushbuttons, LEDs, a rotary potentiometer, a stepper motor, a temperature and humidity sensor, a real-time clock module, a DC motor, and a water level sensor. The circuit is designed to demonstrate basic input/output operations, motor control, and sensor data acquisition.

Component List

Arduino Mega 2560

• Description: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560.
• Pins: IOREF, RESET, 3V3, 5V, GND, VIN, A0-A15, D0-D53, AREF, SDA, SCL

LCD Display (16 pin)

• Description: A 16x2 character LCD display.
• Pins: VSS, VDD, VO, RS, R_W, E, DB0-DB7, A, K

Rotary Potentiometer

• Description: A variable resistor used to adjust voltage.
• Pins: leg1, wiper, leg2
• Properties: Resistance: 10k Ohms

Pushbutton

• Description: A simple pushbutton switch.
• Pins: Pin 1, Pin 2, Pin 3, Pin 4

Resistor

• Description: A passive electrical component that implements electrical resistance.
• Pins: pin1, pin2
• Properties: Resistance: 1k Ohms

LED: Two Pin (blue)

• Description: A blue light-emitting diode.
• Pins: cathode, anode

LED: Two Pin (red)

• Description: A red light-emitting diode.
• Pins: cathode, anode

LED: Two Pin (yellow)

• Description: A yellow light-emitting diode.
• Pins: cathode, anode

LED: Two Pin (green)

• Description: A green light-emitting diode.
• Pins: cathode, anode

28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor

• Description: A small stepper motor.
• Pins: BLUE, PINK, YELLOW, ORANGE, RED

ULN2003A breakout board

• Description: A Darlington transistor array used to drive the stepper motor.
• Pins: In 1-In 7, 0V, +5V, ON/OFF jumper switch, BLUE wire, PINK wire, YELLOW wire, ORANGE wire, RED wire

Power mb V2

• Description: A power supply module.
• Pins: -, +, DC-ln

DHT11 Humidity and Temperature Sensor

• Description: A sensor for measuring temperature and humidity.
• Pins: VDD, DATA, NULL, GND

L293D

• Description: A quadruple high-current half-H driver.
• Pins: Enable 1,2, Input 1, Output 1, GND, Output 2, Input 2, VCC2, VCC1, Input 4, Output 4, Output 3, Input 3, Enable 3,4

DC Motor

• Description: A simple DC motor.
• Pins: pin 1, pin 2

Water Level Sensor

• Description: A sensor for detecting water levels.
• Pins: SIG, VCC, GND

Real Time Clock Module - DS1307 RTC Breakout Board

• Description: A real-time clock module.
• Pins: 5V, GND, SQW, SCL, SDA

9V Battery

• Description: A 9V battery for power supply.
• Pins: -, +

Wiring Details

Arduino Mega 2560

• 5V: Connected to VDD and A of LCD Display, 5V of Real Time Clock Module, leg2 of Rotary Potentiometer, Pin 2 of two Pushbuttons, and +5V of ULN2003A breakout board.
• GND: Connected to VSS and R_W of LCD Display, GND of Real Time Clock Module, leg1 of Rotary Potentiometer, cathode of four LEDs, 0V of ULN2003A breakout board, and GND of Water Level Sensor.
• D2 PWM: Connected to DATA of DHT11 Humidity and Temperature Sensor.
• D3 PWM: Connected to DB7 of LCD Display.
• D4 PWM: Connected to DB6 of LCD Display.
• D5 PWM: Connected to DB5 of LCD Display.
• D6 PWM: Connected to DB4 of LCD Display.
• D7 PWM: Connected to E of LCD Display.
• D8 PWM: Connected to RS of LCD Display.
• D21/SCL: Connected to SCL of Real Time Clock Module.
• D20/SDA: Connected to SDA of Real Time Clock Module.
• D52: Connected to In 1 of ULN2003A breakout board.
• D50: Connected to In 2 of ULN2003A breakout board.
• D48: Connected to In 3 of ULN2003A breakout board.
• D46: Connected to In 4 of ULN2003A breakout board.
• A0: Connected to Input 1 of L293D.
• A1: Connected to Input 2 of L293D.
• A2: Connected to VCC of Water Level Sensor.
• A3: Connected to SIG of Water Level Sensor.
• A4: Connected to Enable 1,2 of L293D.
• A8: Connected to pin2 of a Resistor.
• A9: Connected to pin2 of a Resistor.
• A10: Connected to pin2 of a Resistor.
• A11: Connected to pin2 of a Resistor.
• A12: Connected to Pin 4 of a Pushbutton.
• A13: Connected to Pin 4 of a Pushbutton.
• A14: Connected to Pin 4 of a Pushbutton.

LCD Display (16 pin)

• VSS: Connected to GND of Arduino Mega 2560.
• VDD: Connected to 5V of Arduino Mega 2560.
• VO: Connected to wiper of Rotary Potentiometer.
• RS: Connected to D8 PWM of Arduino Mega 2560.
• R_W: Connected to GND of Arduino Mega 2560.
• E: Connected to D7 PWM of Arduino Mega 2560.
• DB4: Connected to D6 PWM of Arduino Mega 2560.
• DB5: Connected to D5 PWM of Arduino Mega 2560.
• DB6: Connected to D4 PWM of Arduino Mega 2560.
• DB7: Connected to D3 PWM of Arduino Mega 2560.
• A: Connected to 5V of Arduino Mega 2560.
• K: Connected to pin1 of a Resistor.

Rotary Potentiometer

• leg1: Connected to GND of Arduino Mega 2560.
• wiper: Connected to VO of LCD Display.
• leg2: Connected to 5V of Arduino Mega 2560.

Pushbutton

• Pin 2: Connected to 5V of Arduino Mega 2560.
• Pin 4: Connected to A12, A13, and A14 of Arduino Mega 2560.
• Pin 3: Connected to pin2 of Resistors.

Resistor

• pin1: Connected to K of LCD Display, anode of four LEDs, and Pin 3 of Pushbuttons.
• pin2: Connected to A8, A9, A10, A11, and Pin 3 of Pushbuttons.

LED: Two Pin (blue)

• cathode: Connected to GND of Arduino Mega 2560.
• anode: Connected to pin1 of a Resistor.

LED: Two Pin (red)

• cathode: Connected to GND of Arduino Mega 2560.
• anode: Connected to pin1 of a Resistor.

LED: Two Pin (yellow)

• cathode: Connected to GND of Arduino Mega 2560.
• anode: Connected to pin1 of a Resistor.

LED: Two Pin (green)

• cathode: Connected to GND of Arduino Mega 2560.
• anode: Connected to pin1 of a Resistor.

28BYJ-48 Stepper Motor

• BLUE: Connected to BLUE wire of ULN2003A breakout board.
• PINK: Connected to PINK wire of ULN2003A breakout board.
• YELLOW: Connected to YELLOW wire of ULN2003A breakout board.
• ORANGE: Connected to ORANGE wire of ULN2003A breakout board.
• RED: Connected to RED wire of ULN2003A breakout board.

ULN2003A breakout board

• In 1: Connected to D52 of Arduino Mega 2560.
• In 2: Connected to D50 of Arduino Mega 2560.
• In 3: Connected to D48 of Arduino Mega 2560.
• In 4: Connected to D