Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to control a 12V geared motor and an LED bulb using an Arduino UNO microcontroller. The circuit includes an LCD screen for display purposes, two IR sensors for input, a 5V relay to switch the AC-powered LED bulb, and an L298N motor driver to control the motor. The system is powered by a 12V battery, and a rocker switch is used to control the power supply to the motor driver. The Arduino UNO manages the inputs and outputs, interfacing with the IR sensors, the LCD screen, and controlling the relay and motor driver.

Component List

Arduino UNO

• Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
• Provides digital and analog I/O pins
• Powers certain components in the circuit and provides ground connections
• Interfaces with the LCD screen via I2C communication
• Controls the relay and motor driver through digital outputs

LCD screen 16x2 I2C

• Alphanumeric liquid crystal display
• Displays information to the user
• Uses I2C communication for interfacing with the Arduino UNO

IR Sensor

• Infrared sensor for detecting objects or motion
• Provides digital output to the Arduino UNO

12V Geared Motor

• Electric motor with a gearbox for increased torque
• Powered and controlled by the L298N motor driver

L298N DC Motor Driver

• H-Bridge motor driver module
• Controls the direction and speed of the motor
• Receives control signals from the Arduino UNO

5V Relay

• Electromechanical switch
• Controls the AC circuit of the LED bulb
• Activated by a digital output from the Arduino UNO

Battery 12V

• Provides power to the motor driver and indirectly to the motor

AC Supply

• Provides alternating current to the LED bulb
• Controlled by the relay

LED Bulb AC

• Light-emitting diode bulb for AC circuits
• Switched on and off by the relay

Rocker Switch (SPST)

• Single Pole Single Throw switch
• Controls the connection between the battery and the motor driver

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• 5V pin connected to the VCC of the relay, IR sensor, LCD screen, and motor driver
• GND pin connected to the GND of the relay, IR sensor, LCD screen, motor driver, and battery
• A4 (SDA) pin connected to the SDA pin of the LCD screen
• A5 (SCL) pin connected to the SCL pin of the LCD screen
• D11 pin connected to the ENA pin of the motor driver
• D10 pin connected to the In pin of the relay
• D9 pin connected to the VCC pin of the IR sensor
• D8 pin connected to the OUT pin of the IR sensor
• D7 pin connected to the IN2 pin of the motor driver
• D6 pin connected to the IN1 pin of the motor driver

LCD screen 16x2 I2C

• SDA pin connected to the SDA (A4) pin of the Arduino UNO
• SCL pin connected to the SCL (A5) pin of the Arduino UNO
• VCC pin connected to the 5V pin of the Arduino UNO
• GND pin connected to the GND pin of the Arduino UNO

IR Sensor

• VCC pin connected to the 5V pin of the Arduino UNO
• GND pin connected to the GND pin of the Arduino UNO
• OUT pin connected to the D8 pin of the Arduino UNO

12V Geared Motor

• Terminal 1 connected to the OUT1 pin of the motor driver
• Terminal 2 connected to the OUT2 pin of the motor driver

L298N DC Motor Driver

• ENA pin connected to the D11 pin of the Arduino UNO
• IN1 pin connected to the D6 pin of the Arduino UNO
• IN2 pin connected to the D7 pin of the Arduino UNO
• OUT1 and OUT2 pins connected to the terminals of the 12V geared motor
• 12V pin connected to the 2 pin of the rocker switch
• GND pin connected to the GND pin of the Arduino UNO

5V Relay

• VCC pin connected to the 5V pin of the Arduino UNO
• GND pin connected to the GND pin of the Arduino UNO
• In pin connected to the D10 pin of the Arduino UNO
• Common terminal connected to the + pin of the LED bulb
• Normally Closed connected to the +ve pin of the AC supply

Battery 12V

• + pin connected to the 1 pin of the rocker switch
• - pin connected to the GND pin of the Arduino UNO

AC Supply

• +ve pin connected to the Normally Closed pin of the relay
• -ve pin connected to the - pin of the LED bulb

LED Bulb AC

• + pin connected to the Common terminal pin of the relay
• - pin connected to the -ve pin of the AC supply

Rocker Switch (SPST)

• 1 pin connected to the + pin of the battery
• 2 pin connected to the 12V pin of the motor driver

Documented Code

Arduino UNO Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Note: The provided code is a template and does not contain any functional code. It needs to be populated with the logic to control the relay, read the IR sensors, display data on the LCD, and control the motor driver.