Circuit Documentation

Summary

This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit designed to control a robot using an Arduino UNO microcontroller. The circuit includes various sensors (ultrasonic and infrared), a motor driver, and motors. The robot is designed to navigate based on sensor inputs and control the motors accordingly.

Component List

1. 4 x AAA Battery Mount

   • Description: Provides power to the circuit.
   • Pins: -, +

2. HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

   • Description: Measures distance to objects using ultrasonic waves.
   • Pins: VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND

3. Arduino UNO

   • Description: Microcontroller used to control the circuit.
   • Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0

4. IR Sensor (Left)

   • Description: Detects infrared signals for line following.
   • Pins: out, gnd, vcc

5. IR Sensor (Right)

   • Description: Detects infrared signals for line following.
   • Pins: out, gnd, vcc

6. L298N DC Motor Driver

   • Description: Controls the direction and speed of the motors.
   • Pins: OUT1, OUT2, 12V, GND, 5V, OUT3, OUT4, 5V-ENA-JMP-I, 5V-ENA-JMP-O, +5V-J1, +5V-J2, ENA, IN1, IN2, IN3, IN4, ENB

7. Rocker Switch

   • Description: Used to turn the circuit on and off.
   • Pins: output, input

8. Hobby Gearmotor with 48:1 Gearbox (Left)

   • Description: Provides mechanical movement for the robot.
   • Pins: pin 1, pin 2

9. Hobby Gearmotor with 48:1 Gearbox (Right)

   • Description: Provides mechanical movement for the robot.
   • Pins: pin 1, pin 2

Wiring Details

4 x AAA Battery Mount

• - connected to:

  • GND of Arduino UNO
  • GND of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
  • gnd of IR Sensor (Left)
  • gnd of IR Sensor (Right)
  • GND of L298N DC Motor Driver

• + connected to:

  • input of Rocker Switch

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• VCC connected to:

  • 5V of Arduino UNO
  • 5V of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • vcc of IR Sensor (Left)
  • vcc of IR Sensor (Right)

• TRIG connected to:

  • D8 of Arduino UNO

• ECHO connected to:

  • D9 of Arduino UNO

• GND connected to:

  • GND of Arduino UNO
  • GND of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • gnd of IR Sensor (Left)
  • gnd of IR Sensor (Right)
  • - of 4 x AAA Battery Mount

Arduino UNO

• 5V connected to:

  • VCC of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
  • 5V of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • vcc of IR Sensor (Left)
  • vcc of IR Sensor (Right)

• GND connected to:

  • GND of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
  • GND of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • gnd of IR Sensor (Left)
  • gnd of IR Sensor (Right)
  • - of 4 x AAA Battery Mount

• D8 connected to:

  • TRIG of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• D9 connected to:

  • ECHO of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• D13 connected to:

  • IN2 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• D12 connected to:

  • IN1 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• D11 connected to:

  • IN4 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• D10 connected to:

  • IN3 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• D6 connected to:

  • ENB of L298N DC Motor Driver

• D5 connected to:

  • ENA of L298N DC Motor Driver

• D4 connected to:

  • out of IR Sensor (Left)

• D2 connected to:

  • out of IR Sensor (Right)

IR Sensor (Left)

• out connected to:

  • D4 of Arduino UNO

• gnd connected to:

  • GND of Arduino UNO
  • GND of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
  • GND of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • gnd of IR Sensor (Right)
  • - of 4 x AAA Battery Mount

• vcc connected to:

  • 5V of Arduino UNO
  • 5V of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • VCC of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
  • vcc of IR Sensor (Right)

IR Sensor (Right)

• out connected to:

  • D2 of Arduino UNO

• gnd connected to:

  • GND of Arduino UNO
  • GND of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
  • GND of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • gnd of IR Sensor (Left)
  • - of 4 x AAA Battery Mount

• vcc connected to:

  • 5V of Arduino UNO
  • 5V of L298N DC Motor Driver
  • VCC of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
  • vcc of IR Sensor (Left)

L298N DC Motor Driver

• GND connected to:

  • GND of Arduino UNO
  • GND of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
  • gnd of IR Sensor (Left)
  • gnd of IR Sensor (Right)
  • - of 4 x AAA Battery Mount

• 5V connected to:

  • 5V of Arduino UNO
  • VCC of HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
  • vcc of IR Sensor (Left)
  • vcc of IR Sensor (Right)

• IN2 connected to:

  • D13 of Arduino UNO

• IN1 connected to:

  • D12 of Arduino UNO

• IN4 connected to:

  • D11 of Arduino UNO

• IN3 connected to:

  • D10 of Arduino UNO

• ENB connected to:

  • D6 of Arduino UNO

• ENA connected to:

  • D5 of Arduino UNO

• OUT1 connected to:

  • pin 1 of Hobby Gearmotor (Right)

• OUT2 connected to:

  • pin 2 of Hobby Gearmotor (Right)

• OUT3 connected to:

  • pin 2 of Hobby Gearmotor (Left)

• OUT4 connected to:

  • pin 1 of Hobby Gearmotor (Left)

• 12V connected to:

  • output of Rocker Switch

Rocker Switch

• input connected to:

  • + of 4 x AAA Battery Mount

• output connected to:

  • 12V of L298N DC Motor Driver

Hobby Gearmotor with 48:1 Gearbox (Left)

• pin 1 connected to:

  • OUT4 of L298N DC Motor Driver

• pin 2 connected to:

  • OUT3 of L298N DC Motor Driver

Hobby Gearmotor with 48:1 Gearbox (Right)

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