Circuit Documentation

Summary

This document provides a detailed overview of a circuit designed to interface an Arduino Mega 2560 with a servo motor, an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor, and a step-down (buck) converter module (XL4015 5A DC) powered by a 12V power supply. The Arduino Mega 2560 controls the servo motor and reads distance measurements from the ultrasonic sensor. The step-down converter is used to regulate the voltage from the 12V power supply to a level suitable for powering the servo and the sensor.

Component List

Servo

• Description: A motor capable of precise position control.
• Pins: gnd, vcc, pulse

12V Power Supply

• Description: Provides a 12V voltage source for the circuit.
• Pins: +, -

XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down Converter

• Description: Reduces the input voltage to a lower output voltage.
• Pins: Output +, Output -, Input +, Input -

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• Description: Measures distances by emitting ultrasonic waves and measuring the time taken for the echo to return.
• Pins: VCC, TRIG, ECHO, GND

Arduino Mega 2560

• Description: A microcontroller board based on the ATmega2560, with numerous digital and analog I/O pins.
• Pins: Multiple digital and analog pins, including IOREF, RESET, 3V3, 5V, GND, VIN, A0-A15, D0-D53, AREF, SDA, SCL

Wiring Details

Servo

• Ground: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 GND
• VCC: Connected to the output of the XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down Converter
• Pulse: Controlled by Arduino Mega 2560 pin D22

12V Power Supply

• + (Positive): Connected to the input of the XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down Converter
• - (Negative): Connected to the input of the XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down Converter

XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down Converter

• Output +: Connected to the VCC of both the Servo and the HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
• Output -: Connected to the GND of both the Servo and the HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
• Input +: Connected to the + of the 12V Power Supply
• Input -: Connected to the - of the 12V Power Supply

HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

• VCC: Connected to the output of the XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down Converter
• TRIG: Controlled by Arduino Mega 2560 pin D26
• ECHO: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 pin D28
• GND: Connected to Arduino Mega 2560 GND

Arduino Mega 2560

• 5V: Provides power to the XL4015 5A DC Buck Step-down Converter
• GND: Common ground for the circuit
• D22: Controls the Servo pulse
• D26: Sends trigger signal to HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
• D28: Receives echo signal from HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor

Documented Code

Arduino Mega 2560 Code

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Note: The provided code is a template and does not contain specific functionality. It should be populated with the setup and loop routines required to control the servo and read data from the ultrasonic sensor.