Cirkit Designer LogoCirkit DesignerYour all-in-one circuit design IDE Launch Cirkit Designer App

Arduino-Based Renewable Energy Monitoring System with LCD Display

View and Edit Project In Cirkit DesignerImage of Arduino-Based Renewable Energy Monitoring System with LCD Display

Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit integrates renewable energy sources (wind and solar) with a charge controller, battery, voltage sensors, and an Arduino UNO microcontroller. The system monitors the voltage levels from the renewable sources and displays the information on a 16x2 I2C LCD. Additionally, a buck converter and a 7805 voltage regulator are used to manage power distribution, and a fan is included for cooling purposes.

Component List

  1. Wind Turbine

    • Pins: +, -
    • Description: Converts wind energy into electrical energy.
    • Purpose: Provides renewable energy input to the charge controller.

  2. Solar Panel

    • Pins: +, -
    • Description: Converts solar energy into electrical energy.
    • Purpose: Provides renewable energy input to the charge controller.

  3. Charge Controller

    • Pins: GND, BAT, Vin
    • Description: Manages the charging of the battery from renewable sources.
    • Purpose: Ensures safe and efficient charging of the battery.

  4. 12V Battery (Small Size)

    • Pins: VCC, GND
    • Description: Stores electrical energy.
    • Purpose: Provides a stable power supply to the circuit.

  5. Voltage Sensor DC 25V

    • Pins: +, -, output, gnd, vcc
    • Description: Measures voltage levels.
    • Purpose: Monitors the voltage from the renewable sources.

  6. Arduino UNO

    • Pins: UNUSED, IOREF, Reset, 3.3V, 5V, GND, Vin, A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, SCL, SDA, AREF, D13, D12, D11, D10, D9, D8, D7, D6, D5, D4, D3, D2, D1, D0
    • Description: Microcontroller for processing and control.
    • Purpose: Reads sensor data and controls the display.

  7. Buck Converter

    • Pins: IN+, IN-, OUT+, OUT-
    • Description: Steps down voltage.
    • Purpose: Provides regulated voltage to the circuit components.

  8. 16x2 I2C LCD

    • Pins: GND, VCC, SDA, SCL
    • Description: Displays information.
    • Purpose: Shows voltage readings from the sensors.

  9. Fan

    • Pins: GND, 5V
    • Description: Provides cooling.
    • Purpose: Prevents overheating of components.

  10. 7805 Voltage Regulator

    • Pins: Vin, Gnd, Vout
    • Description: Regulates voltage to 5V.
    • Purpose: Provides a stable 5V supply to the fan.

  11. Vout

    • Pins: Vout
    • Description: Output voltage node.
    • Purpose: Collects output voltage from the buck converter.

Wiring Details

Wind Turbine

Solar Panel

Charge Controller

12V Battery (Small Size)

Voltage Sensor DC 25V

Arduino UNO

Buck Converter

16x2 I2C LCD

Fan

7805 Voltage Regulator

Vout

Documented Code

// Define analog input pins for the voltage sensors
#define ANALOG_IN_PIN_1 A0
#define ANALOG_IN_PIN_2 A1

// Floats for ADC voltage & Input voltage
float adc_voltage_1 = 0.0;
float in_voltage_1 = 0.0;
float adc_voltage_2 = 0.0;
float in_voltage_2 = 0.0;

// Floats for resistor values in divider (in ohms)
float R1 = 30000.0;
float R2 = 7500.0;

// Float for Reference Voltage
float ref_voltage = 5.0;

// Integers for ADC values
int adc_value_1 = 0;
int adc_value_2 = 0;

void setup() {
  // Setup Serial Monitor
  Serial.begin(9600);
}

void loop() {
  // Read the Analog Input from the first voltage sensor
  adc_value_1 = analogRead(ANALOG_IN_PIN_1);
  
  // Determine voltage at ADC input for the first sensor
  adc_voltage_1 = (adc_value_1 * ref_voltage) / 1024.0;
  
  // Calculate voltage at divider input for the first sensor
  in_voltage_1 = adc_voltage_1 * (R1 + R2) / R2;
  
  // Print results to Serial Monitor to 2 decimal places for the first sensor
  Serial.print("Input Voltage 1 = ");
  Serial.println(in_voltage_1, 2);
  
  // Read the Analog Input from the second voltage sensor
  adc_value_2 = analogRead(ANALOG_IN_PIN_2);
  
  // Determine voltage at ADC input for the second sensor
  adc_voltage_2 = (adc_value_2 * ref_voltage) / 1024.0;
  
  // Calculate voltage at divider input for the second sensor
  in_voltage_2 = adc_voltage_2 * (R1 + R2) / R2;
  
  // Print results to Serial Monitor to 2 decimal places for the second sensor
  Serial.print("Input Voltage 2 = ");
  Serial.println(in_voltage_2, 2);
  
  // Short delay
  delay(500);
}

This code reads the voltage levels from two voltage sensors connected to the Arduino UNO and prints the readings to the Serial Monitor. The voltage readings are calculated based on the ADC values and the resistor values in the voltage divider circuit.