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Arduino-Controlled Line Following Robot with Dual DC Motors and L298N Driver
Circuit Documentation
Summary
This circuit integrates an Arduino UNO microcontroller with a line sensor and two DC motors through an L298N DC motor driver. The system is powered by an 18650 Li-Ion battery. The Arduino UNO is responsible for processing the signals from the line sensor and controlling the DC motors via the motor driver based on the sensor inputs.
Component List
Arduino UNO
- Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
- It has 14 digital input/output pins, 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz crystal, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button.
Line Sensor
- A sensor module with multiple IR sensors, typically used for line following robots.
- It has 8 sensor outputs that provide digital signals indicating the presence of a line.
L298N DC Motor Driver
- A dual H-bridge motor driver that can drive two DC motors or one stepper motor.
- It has pins for motor outputs, motor voltage input, ground, and control inputs for enabling and setting the direction of the motors.
DC Motor (x2)
- Standard DC motors for driving the wheels of a robot or any mechanical system.
- Each motor has two pins for connecting to the motor driver output.
18650 Li-Ion Battery
- A rechargeable battery providing the power source for the circuit.
- It has a positive and a negative terminal for power supply connections.
Wiring Details
Arduino UNO
5Vconnected to Line Sensor+5vGNDconnected to Line SensorGND, L298N Motor DriverGND, and 18650 Li-Ion BatteryNegativeVinconnected to L298N Motor Driver12Vand 18650 Li-Ion BatteryPositiveA0 - A5connected to Line Sensor pins2 - 7respectivelyD11connected to L298N Motor DriverIN1D10connected to L298N Motor DriverIN2D9connected to L298N Motor DriverIN3D8connected to L298N Motor DriverIN4D6connected to L298N Motor DriverENAD5connected to L298N Motor DriverENB
Line Sensor
+5vconnected to Arduino UNO5VGNDconnected to Arduino UNOGND- Pins
2 - 7connected to Arduino UNOA0 - A5respectively
L298N DC Motor Driver
GNDconnected to Arduino UNOGNDand 18650 Li-Ion BatteryNegative12Vconnected to Arduino UNOVinand 18650 Li-Ion BatteryPositiveIN1 - IN4connected to Arduino UNOD11 - D8respectivelyENAconnected to Arduino UNOD6ENBconnected to Arduino UNOD5OUT1connected to DC Motor (Instance 1)pin 2OUT2connected to DC Motor (Instance 1)pin 1OUT3connected to DC Motor (Instance 2)pin 2OUT4connected to DC Motor (Instance 2)pin 1
DC Motor (Instance 1)
pin 1connected to L298N Motor DriverOUT2pin 2connected to L298N Motor DriverOUT1
DC Motor (Instance 2)
pin 1connected to L298N Motor DriverOUT4pin 2connected to L298N Motor DriverOUT3
18650 Li-Ion Battery
Positiveconnected to Arduino UNOVinand L298N Motor Driver12VNegativeconnected to Arduino UNOGNDand L298N Motor DriverGND
Documented Code
Arduino UNO Code (sketch.ino)
void setup() {
// put your setup code here, to run once:
}
void loop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
}
Additional Notes (documentation.txt)
No additional code documentation was provided.