Circuit Documentation

Summary

This circuit is designed to interface an Arduino UNO with various components including an I2C LCD 16x2 Screen, a couple of Buck converters, a 5V relay, a YL-69 soil moisture sensor (Sonda), a YL-83 Module LM393, and a 5V mini water pump. The Arduino UNO acts as the central controller, managing the input from the soil moisture sensor and controlling the water pump through the relay based on the sensor's readings. The LCD screen displays relevant information, and the Buck converters are used to step down the voltage from a 12V power supply to 5V required by some of the components.

Component List

Arduino UNO

• Microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P
• Provides I/O pins and power to the circuit

I2C LCD 16x2 Screen

• Alphanumeric liquid crystal display
• Uses I2C communication protocol for displaying information

Buck Converter

• Voltage step-down (buck) module
• Converts higher voltage to a lower voltage (12V to 5V)

5V Relay

• Electromechanical switch
• Controls the power to the water pump

YL-69 Sonda

• Soil moisture sensor
• Detects the moisture level in the soil

YL-83 Module LM393

• Comparator module for the YL-69 soil moisture sensor
• Provides digital output based on moisture level

5V Mini Water Pump

• Operates on 5V
• Pumps water when activated

12V Power Supply

• Provides power to the circuit
• Outputs 12V which is stepped down by the Buck converters

Wiring Details

Arduino UNO

• 5V connected to the VCC of YL-83 Module LM393, 5V relay, I2C LCD screen, and OUT+ of a Buck converter
• GND connected to the GND of YL-83 Module LM393, 5V relay, I2C LCD screen, and OUT- of a Buck converter
• A0 connected to D0 of YL-83 Module LM393
• SCL connected to SCL of I2C LCD 16x2 Screen
• SDA connected to SDA of I2C LCD 16x2 Screen
• D2 connected to In of 5V relay

I2C LCD 16x2 Screen

• SCL connected to SCL of Arduino UNO
• SDA connected to SDA of Arduino UNO
• VCC (5V) connected to 5V of Arduino UNO
• GND connected to GND of Arduino UNO

Buck Converter (to power 5V components)

• IN+ and IN- connected to the 12V power supply
• OUT+ connected to 5V of Arduino UNO
• OUT- connected to GND of Arduino UNO

Buck Converter (to power 5V mini water pump)

• IN+ and IN- connected to the 12V power supply
• OUT+ connected to the positive pin of the 5V mini water pump
• OUT- connected to Normally Open of the 5V relay

5V Relay

• VCC connected to 5V of Arduino UNO
• GND connected to GND of Arduino UNO
• In connected to D2 of Arduino UNO
• Normally Open connected to OUT- of the Buck converter (that powers the water pump)
• Common terminal connected to the negative pin of the 5V mini water pump

YL-69 Sonda

• + connected to + of YL-83 Module LM393
• - connected to - of YL-83 Module LM393

YL-83 Module LM393

• A0 not connected
• D0 connected to A0 of Arduino UNO
• GND connected to GND of Arduino UNO
• VCC connected to 5V of Arduino UNO
• + connected to + of YL-69 Sonda
• - connected to - of YL-69 Sonda

5V Mini Water Pump

• Positive pin connected to OUT+ of the Buck converter (that powers the water pump)
• Negative pin connected to Common terminal of the 5V relay

12V Power Supply

• + connected to IN- of both Buck converters
• - connected to IN+ of both Buck converters

Documented Code

Arduino UNO Code (sketch.ino)

void setup() {
  // put your setup code here, to run once:

}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:

}

Note: The provided code is a template and does not contain any functional code. It needs to be populated with the logic for reading the soil moisture sensor, controlling the LCD, and activating the water pump through the relay.