ESP32-Based Smart Agriculture System with Soil Moisture, Temperature, Humidity, and pH Monitoring
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Circuit Documentation
Summary
The circuit in question is designed to monitor environmental parameters such as soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and pH levels, as well as to facilitate communication over RS485. It is powered by a 12V battery, with a step-down converter to provide the necessary 5V to the low-voltage components. The ESP32 microcontroller serves as the central processing unit, interfacing with the various sensors and handling data communication through the RS485 transceiver. The circuit does not include any embedded code as none was provided.
Component List
SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor
- Description: A sensor that measures the volumetric content of water in soil.
- Pins: VCC, GND, SIG
DHT11
- Description: A basic, ultra low-cost digital temperature and humidity sensor.
- Pins: DATA, GND, VCC
ESP32
- Description: A microcontroller with Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capabilities for versatile IoT applications.
- Pins: EN, VP, VN, D34, D35, D32, D33, D25, D26, D27, D14, D12, D13, GND, VIN, 3V3, D15, D2, D4, RX2, TX2, D5, D18, D19, D21, RX0, TX0, D22, D23, BOOT
PH Meter
- Description: A sensor used to measure the acidity or alkalinity of a substance.
- Pins: Signal, VCC, GND
RS485
- Description: A transceiver module for high-speed, long-range data communication.
- Pins: VCC, RO, RE, GND, B, A, DE, DI
12v Battery
- Description: A power source for the circuit.
- Pins: -, +
12v to 5v Step Down Power Converter
- Description: A module that converts 12V DC to 5V DC.
- Pins: VIN 9v-36v, VIN+, VIN-, USB OUTPUT 5V, 5v OUTPUT, GND
NPK Soil Sensor
- Description: A sensor that measures the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content in soil.
- Pins: 12V DC, A, B, GND
Wiring Details
SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor
- VCC: Connected to 5V power supply.
- GND: Connected to ground.
- SIG: Connected to ESP32 pin D34.
DHT11
- DATA: Connected to ESP32 pin D25.
- GND: Connected to ground.
- VCC: Connected to 5V power supply.
ESP32
- VIN: Connected to 5V power supply.
- GND: Connected to ground.
- D34: Connected to SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor SIG pin.
- D25: Connected to DHT11 DATA pin.
- D35: Connected to PH Meter Signal pin.
- RX0: Connected to RS485 RO pin.
- TX0: Connected to RS485 DI pin.
- D22: Connected to RS485 DE pin.
- D23: Connected to RS485 RE pin.
PH Meter
- Signal: Connected to ESP32 pin D35.
- VCC: Connected to 5V power supply.
- GND: Connected to ground.
RS485
- VCC: Connected to 5V power supply.
- RO: Connected to ESP32 RX0 pin.
- RE: Connected to ESP32 D23 pin.
- GND: Connected to ground.
- B: Connected to NPK Soil Sensor B pin.
- A: Connected to NPK Soil Sensor A pin.
- DE: Connected to ESP32 D22 pin.
- DI: Connected to ESP32 TX0 pin.
12v Battery
- -: Connected to ground.
- +: Connected to 12V input of the step-down converter and NPK Soil Sensor 12V DC pin.
12v to 5v Step Down Power Converter
- VIN 9v-36v: Not explicitly connected in the provided net list.
- VIN+: Connected to 12v Battery + pin.
- VIN-: Connected to ground.
- USB OUTPUT 5V: Not explicitly connected in the provided net list.
- 5v OUTPUT: Connected to 5V power supply rail for the circuit.
- GND: Connected to ground.
NPK Soil Sensor
- 12V DC: Connected to 12v Battery + pin.
- A: Connected to RS485 A pin.
- B: Connected to RS485 B pin.
- GND: Connected to ground.
Documented Code
No code was provided for the microcontroller or any other programmable components in the circuit. Therefore, this section is not applicable to the current documentation.